epidemic & endemic Relapsing Fever

Question 1

taxonomy of epidemic & endemic relapsing fever

Answer 1

caused by bacteria:
*epidemic (louse-borne)- Borrelia recurrentis, duttoni
*endemic typhus (tick-borne)- Borrelia recurrentis

for lyme disease: Borrelia Burgdorfei

Question 2

morphology

Answer 2

obligate, intracellular bacterium

-coiled spirochettes
- with flagella
-gram negative

Question 3

cultivation

Answer 3

only on complex nutrient media,

Question 4

antigens + virulence

Answer 4

*surface proteins antigens

*virulence:
- surface protein antigens– adhesion
- endotoxins - for pyrogenic effect
- flagella - high motility

Question 5

epidemiology of EPidemic relapsing fever

Answer 5

source: sick person

vector: body&head&pubic louse

trans method: contact with infected tick (contact)

gate: damaged skin

Question 6

epidemiology of ENdemic relapsing fever

Answer 6

source: rodents

vector: ticks

tran.method: tick bites

gate: damaged skin

Question 7

Clinical manifestations

Answer 7

• repeated episodes of fever (5-6 times).
• series of febrile attacks
• headache , muscle&joint pain

Question 8

pathogenesis

Answer 8

• once inside the body, they are consumed by phagocytes
• they replicate in cytoplasm of phagocytes then enter the blood
• their endotoxins causing fever, headache, pain

Question 9

lab diagnosis

Answer 9

• microscopic exam
• serodiagnostics by ELISA

Question 10

TREATMENT

Answer 10

Tetracycline antibiotics.

Question 11

prophylaxis

Answer 11

no vaccine