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z biology: module 2 > 3.11 ATP > Flashcards

3.11 ATP Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

Give the three main reasons cells need energy. (3 marks)

A

Synthesis
Transport
Movement

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2
Q

What molecule supplies energy to cells? (1 mark)

A

ATP
Adenine triphosphate

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3
Q

What does ATP stand for? (1 mark)

A

Adenine triphosphate

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4
Q

What 3 components is an ATP molecule made up of? (3 marks)

A

Ribose
Three phosphate groups
Adenine

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5
Q

Is ATP a nucleotide? (1 mark)

A

Yes

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6
Q

Why is ATP known as the ‘universal energy currency’? (1 mark)

A

ATP is used for energy transfer in all cells of all living things.

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7
Q

How does ATP produce energy? (1 mark)

A

A phosphate bond is broken, this phosphate group undergoes many reactions involving bond formation- resulting in energy being released.

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8
Q

What reacts with ATP, causing ATP to release a phosphate group? (1 mark)

A

Water

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9
Q

What type of reaction takes place to release a phosphate group from ATP? (1 mark)

A

hydrolysis

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10
Q

What is ATP hydrolysed into? (1 mark)

A

ADP and a phosphate ion.

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11
Q

What does ADP stand for? (1 mark)

A

Adenine diphosphate

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12
Q

Is ATP a good energy store, explain why/why not? (2 marks)

A

No, the phosphate bonds in ATP are unstable.

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13
Q

What type of reaction is phosphorylation? (1 mark)

A

Condensation

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14
Q

How is ATP rapidly reformed when needed? (1 mark)

A

The phosphorylation of ADP.

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15
Q

Why is ATP a good immediate energy source? (1 mark)

A

It can be rapidly formed from the phosphorylation of ADP.

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16
Q

Why is it important that ATP molecules are small? (1 mark)

A

So they can move easily, into and out of cells.

17
Q

Why is it important that ATP is water soluble? (1 mark)

A

Energy-requiring processes happen in aqueous environments.

18
Q

Why is it important that ATP releases energy in small quantities? (1 mark)

A

Quantities ae suitable to most cellular needs, so energy is not wasted as heat.

19
Q

Name 3 important properties of ATP. (3 marks)

A

It is a small molecule
It is water soluble
It contains bonds between phosphates with immediate energy
It releases energy in small quantities
It is is easily regenerated

20
Q

Is adenine a purine or pyrimidine? (1 mark)

A

Purine- has two carbon rings

z biology: module 2 (28 decks)

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