Dyslipidemia Flashcards
What causes atheroscleroiss
High cholesterol -> deposits etc
What can atherosclerosis cause
IHD
Cerbrovascular disease
Peripheral vascular disease
What does total cholesterol consist of
LDL + HDL + VLDL
What LDL level is healthy
<2.5, should be less if heart comorbidities
What causes high triglycerides
Overwieght
Inactive
Smokers
heacy drinkers
V high carb diet
What does high triglycerides cause
Metabolic syndromes linked to heart diease and diabetes
What conditions cause primary dyslipidemia
Genetic dyslipidemia
Familial hypercholesterolemia
What conditions cause secondary dyslipidemia
T2DM
Nephrotic syndrome
Hypothyroidism
Obesity, smoking, life style
Why does BMI not always represent how at risk of dyslipidemia someone is
Muscle mass
Central and south asian people - higher cnetral adiposity at lower BMI means higher risk factors at lower BMI
Old and young
High cholersterol risk factors
Diet high iin sat fats and cholesterol
FH
Overweight/obese
Seconary causes eg diabetes
What contains unsat fats and lowers cholesterol
Avocados, olive oil, peanut oil
Lipid soluble statins
Atorvastatin
Simvastatin
Water soluble statins
Rosuvastatin
Pravastatin
Statins effects
- Decrease LDL by 18-55%
- Increase HDL by 5-15%
- Decrease TG by 7-30%
- Stop caridac events
Medications to treat dyslipidemia
Statins
Ezetemibes - fibrates, omega 3 fatty acids
Bile acid sequestrants
PCSK 9 inhibitors, incilsiron
