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Biology Module 2 > 2.1.1 Cell Structure > Flashcards

2.1.1 Cell Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main types of organism ?

A

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

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2
Q

Name four features of eukaryotic cells

A

Multicellular
Have chromosomes
Have a nucleus
Have organelles

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3
Q

Name three features of prokaryotic cells

A

Unicellular
DNA is not contained in a nucleus
Smaller

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4
Q

What are the four examples of a type of eukaryotic cell ?

A

Animal cell
Plant cell
Algal
Fungal

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5
Q

What are the two examples of a prokaryotic cell ?

A

Bacteria cell virus

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6
Q

Animal cell organelles contain what sub cellular structures ? (there’s 11)

A

Cell surface plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Smooth endoplastic reticulum
Ribosomes
Rough endoplastic reticulum
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria

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7
Q

What sun cellular structures do plant cells have ?

A

Same as animal cells except lysosomes with the addition of chloroplasts, cell wall and vacuole

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8
Q

What is the function of the cell surface plasma membrane ?

A

Regulates the movement of substances and is made up of lipids and proteins. It has receptors

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9
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm ?

A

It is where chemical reactions take place.

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10
Q

What is the function of the nucleus ?

A

It is membrane bound, stores chromosomes and directs the synthesis of all proteins

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11
Q

What is the function of the nuclear envelope ?

A

Double membrane and has pores for RNA

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12
Q

What is the function of the nucleolus ?

A

Is where ribosomes ate produced and is composed of RNA and proteins

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13
Q

What is the function of the smooth endoplastic reticulum?

A

Synthesis and storage of lipids and carbohydrates

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14
Q

What is the function of the ribosomes?

A

Composed of proteins and RNA and is the site of protein synthesis

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15
Q

What is the function of the rough endoplastic reticulum?

A

Network of membranes enclosing flattened sacs (cisternae)

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16
Q

What is the function of lysosomes?

A

No clear structure and contains digestive hydrolytic enzymes. Where apoptosis occurs and is made in the Golgi apparatus

17
Q

What is the function fo the Golgi apparatus ?

A

Similar to the SER modifies and packages proteins into vesicles

18
Q

What is the function of the centrioles ?

A

Small bowl low cylinders made of protein cylinders

19
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria ?

A

Double membrane. Enzymes in matrix involved in respiration

20
Q

What is the function of the vacuole ?

A

To maintain the structure of the cell

21
Q

What is the function of the cell wall ?

A

Made of cellulose and is freely permeable. It supports the cell and provides defence against pathogens

22
Q

What sub cellular structures does a bacteria cell contain ? (There are 9)

A

Cell surface plasma membrane
Cell wall
Flagellum
Nucleoid
Plasmid
Capsule
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Pili

Biology Module 2 (4 decks)

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