EARTH

Question 1

it is transdisciplinary, meaning it draws knowledge from many different fields.

Answer 1

ESS (Earth System Science)

Question 2

its structure can be defined mechanically and chemically

Answer 2

EARTH

Question 3

the study of the flow of matter

Answer 3

RHEOLOGY

Question 4

deformation under stress (reversible)

Answer 4

PLASTIC FLOW

Question 5

deformation under stress (irreversable)

Answer 5

ELASTIC DEFORMATION

Question 6

mechanically structure od earth

Answer 6

– LITHOSPHERE
– ASTHENOSPHERE
– MESOSPHERIC MANTLE
– OUTER CORE
– INNER CORE

Question 7

chemically structure of earth

Answer 7

– CRUST
– UPPER MANTLE
– LOWER MANTLE
– OUTER CORE
– INNER CORE

Question 8

how thick is crust

Answer 8

5km to 8km

Question 9

most dominant element in crust

Answer 9

OXYGEN (46.6%)

Question 10

average temperature on crust

Answer 10

870 °C

Question 11

the largest layer of earth

Answer 11

MANTLE

Question 12

it is about 80% of Earth’s mass

Answer 12

MANTLE

Question 13

thickness of upper mantle

Answer 13

660km

Question 14

thickness of lower mantle

Answer 14

2200km

Question 15

average temperature on mantle

Answer 15

3700 °C

Question 16

consist of molten metals and rocks. ball of molten metals

Answer 16

OUTER CORE

Question 17

about 5000 °C to 6000°c

Answer 17

INNER CORE

Question 18

creates the magnetic field of the Earth. gives protection from the harmful rays of sun

Answer 18

DYNAMO EFFECT

Question 19

he coined the term “biosphere”

Answer 19

VLADIMIR VERNADSKY

Question 20

thought of the universe as one interconnected entity

Answer 20

BARON FRIEDRICH HUMBOLDT

Question 21

developed Gaia Hypothesis — biosphere is a self-regulating system.

Answer 21

JAMES LOVELOCK AND LYNN MARGULIS

Question 22

ancient greeks declared Earth’s diameter as

Answer 22

12, 750 km

Question 23

the boundary between crust and mantle

Answer 23

MOHOVORICIC DISCONTINUITY