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A-level Music: Edexcel > Bach, ‘Ein Feste Burg Ist Unser Gott > Flashcards

Bach, ‘Ein Feste Burg Ist Unser Gott Flashcards

1
Q

‘Ein feste burg ist unser gott’ meaning

A

A mighty force is our God

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2
Q

What musical element is used throughout?
What is this?

A

Fugue

An idea gets passed around
Subject —> countersubject
Tonic —> dominant

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3
Q

What was the purpose of using fugue?
What religion had this aim?

A

More people involved in church
Translated Latin to German

Luther/Lutheran

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4
Q

What idea is fugue used on?
What is the idea?
Idea first appearance Mvmnt. 1

WL

A

The cantus firmus
Something that already exists
Bars 1-3

Elton John + Dua Lipa tune from Rocketman

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5
Q

What happens to the cantus firmus in bar 12? Mvmt. 1

A

Oboes and continuo in cannon
Rhythmic augmentation (mode, rhythm longer)

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6
Q

Sonority Mvmt. 1

A

3 oboes
2 violins
Viola
STAB choir (an instrument doubles each, similar with variations)
2 continuos
(Usually 1, 2 for strong foundation
1= large cello + harpsichord
2= organ + viola)

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7
Q

What was Mvmt. 1 written for?
Extra: what is a chamber cantata?

A

Chamber ensemble (small ensemble of instruments)

Small ensemble and choir

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8
Q

Texture at start
Elaborate
Texture mainly
What creates main texture? Mvmt. 1

A

Homophonic + doubling
Viola + tenor same
Accomp. + continuo same

Polyphonic/contrapuntal
Fugue

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9
Q

Element of Baroque Mvmt. 1

A

Ornamented + decorated

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10
Q

Fugue returning bar
Describe Mvmt. 1

A

33
Strict

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11
Q

Contrast of 1 and 2 continuo parts Mvmt. 1

A

1 more developed + busy

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12
Q

What is the melody based on?

A

Cantus firmus

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13
Q

Structure
Describe Mvmt. 1

A

ABA/sonata form
Roughly

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14
Q

A bar
Meaning
B bar
A’ bar Mvmt. 1

A

1
No intro
71
100

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15
Q

Compare A and A’ Mvmt. 1

A

A more developed

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16
Q

Fugue at bars 1-30
Fugue bars 30 Mvmt. 1

A

Mini fugue (not cantata typical)
Altered to expand: key, transposed etc

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17
Q

Start key
How is the harmony used (term)
Diatonic meaning Mvmt. 1

A

D major (home key)
Functional harmony (only to serve a purpose: modulation etc)
All notes within key + few accidentals

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18
Q

Modulations Mvmt. 1

WL

A

Some
To close related keys
Through circle of 5ths

Handel’s Hallelujah

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19
Q

Cadences
Lots of?
Long? Mvmt. 1

A

Lots
Perfect (V-I)
Suspensions
Phrases

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20
Q

Metre
=>
Bach’s use of metre Mvmt. 1

A

4/4 simple common time
Easy
Rarely compound

21
Q

Very difficult meaning
Example Mvmt. 1

A

Virtuosic
Melismatic

Don’t say syllabic, say non melismatic

22
Q

Bar 60 onwards Mvmt. 1

A

Starts modulating + going through circle of 5ths: mood setting

23
Q

Texture Mvmt. 2

A

Homophonic
Melody dominated homophony (melody clear)

24
Q

Accomp.
What moves the tempo/movement? Mvmt. 2

A

Running semiquaver moves along sop. line
Moto perpetuo throughout (semiquaver accomp.)

25
Q

Sop + bass line texture
Sop plays
Bass plays Mvmt. 2

A

Polyphonic/contrapuntal
Ornamented variation of cantus firmus
Separate ornamented melody

26
Q

Sop + oboe texture Mvmt. 2

A

Heterophonic: same, oboe more decorated

27
Q

Describe the bass Mvmt. 2

A

Highly scalic + melismatic

28
Q

Sequences ex. Mvmt. 2

A

Bar 19: descending sop

29
Q

Ornamentation, bar ?
On what instruments? Mvmt. 2

A

Trills
26
Sop + oboe

30
Q

Tessitura + meaning
Sop range
Bass range Mvmt. 2

A

Narrow
Where sitting vocally
9th
13th

31
Q

Mvmt. 2 has, Mvmt. 1 doesn’t
Similarity between the two

A

Intro
Key: modulates tonic —> dominant (referencing fugue in Mvmt. 1)

32
Q

Structure Mvmt. 2

A

Through-composed

33
Q

Modulations Mvmt. 2

A

Not as many

34
Q

Modulations Mvmt. 2

A

Not as many as Mvmt. 2

35
Q

Suspension element
Typical for period? Mvmt. 2

A

4 3 suspension chords
Yes

36
Q

7ths
Baroque typical? Mvmt. 2

A

Dominant
Yes

37
Q

Metre

A

4/4 simple common time

38
Q

Rhythms predominantly made up of
Straight/dotted/swing rhythm? Mvmt. 2
One more element

A

Semi-quavers
Dotted
Syncopation

39
Q

What is Mvmt. 8

A

Choral: original Lutheran hymn tune, no embellishments

40
Q

Texture Mvmt. 8

A

Homophonic

41
Q

Intervals
Largest interval/leap?
Range
Mvmt. 8

A

Conjunct
Diatonic
Occasional small leaps
4th
Narrow: not very high

42
Q

Chordal meaning Mvmt. 8

A

Made up of chords
Accomp.

43
Q

Bars 1-4 Mvmt. 8

A

Repeated 2 bar tune

44
Q

Metre Mvmt. 8

A

4/4 simple common time

45
Q

Anacrusis meaning Mvmt. 8

A

Up beat

46
Q

Use of crotchet and quavers Mvmt. 8

A

Crotchet predominant rhythm
Quavers only as passing notes

47
Q

Cadences
Why typical of choral Mvmt. 8

A

Pauses of cadences
Slows down

48
Q

How many movements does a cantata always have?
What is the end movement always?

A

8
Choral

A-level Music: Edexcel (38 decks)

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