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GRE Extra > TEST QUESTIONS REVIEW > Flashcards

TEST QUESTIONS REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

IQ LEVEL CLASSIFICATIONS FOR IMPAIRMENT

A

average 90-109
10 point increments from 40 to 160
80-89 low average
70-79 borderline impaired or delayed
55-69 mild impairment of delay
35-55 moderate
20-40 severe
lower than 25 profound

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2
Q

What does criterion or empirical keying approach seeks to do

A

differences in responses from groups that are already known to be different
must show items that discriminate between groups

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3
Q

What does conventional stage of Kohlberg’s moral development focus on?

A

following rules to maintain social order or to gain approval from others

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4
Q

What makes visual acuity the highest?

A

lit conditions-meaning cones would be stimulated to perceive color

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5
Q

How does prozac work

A

it is a serotonin agonist

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6
Q

What is the standard deviation for IQ scores

A

about 15 with mean of 100

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7
Q

What an individual with Korshakoffs symptom might engage in?

A

confabulation

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8
Q

What type of memory test does essay use?

A

free recall

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9
Q

What type of memory does language test require?

A

cued or free recall

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10
Q

What type of memory does fill in the blank test require?

A

cuing specific response with clues from surrounding words in the sentence

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11
Q

What type of memory does multiple choice test require?

A

recognition

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12
Q

What type of memory does sentence completion test require?

A

cued recall

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13
Q

Path of received message through a single neuron?

A

postsynaptic cell, cell body, axon, terminal buttons

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14
Q

What does Schachter-Singer theory of emotion use to interpret emotion

A

cognition to interpret physiological arousal
physiological reaction-cognition-emotion

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15
Q

aphasia

A

not being able to create a logical sentence

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16
Q

reaction formation

A

when an individual reacts in the opposite way of what they think or feel

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17
Q

What did Bartlett find in regards to memory

A

that it is mostly reconstructive

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18
Q

Tolman’s theory of motivation

A

performance=expectancy x value

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19
Q

nerve fibers made of axons

A

white matter

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20
Q

what does sign stimulus trigger

A

fixed action pattern

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21
Q

what is limbic system responsible for

A

regulating emotions

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22
Q

what is two point discrimination assessed in the study

A

cutaneous sensitivity

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23
Q

during which stage does the oedipal conflict resolve

A

phallic

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24
Q

who defined convergent and divergent thinking

A

j.p. guilford

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25
Q

What was Mischel’s criticism of trait theories

A

they placed far too much emphasis on fixed, dispositional traits that did not vary across situations
he adopted a more situational understanding of personality where the environment played a role

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26
Q

which personality disorders are chracterized by accentedc thoughts or behaviors

A

cluster A
schizoid

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27
Q

difference between availability vs representative heuristic

A

availability heuristic is something that easily comes to mind as an example for a claim
representative heuristic has to do with prototype or mental image of a person creates, not something that comes to mind because they recently saw it an example

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28
Q

What does central route of persuasion rely on

A

attentiveness of the listener to the message itself and the validity of the argument, the credentials of the person delivering

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29
Q

what is anxious resistant type of attachement

A

child is angry, crying, clingy

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30
Q

which part of the brain is associated with procedural memory

A

cerebellum

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31
Q

What compasses gray matter in the brain

A

neurophil, synapses, capillaries and glial cells

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32
Q

What was not tested in skinner’s box

A

shaping
what was tested:
positive and negative reinforcement
fixed ration schedule of reinforcement
variable ratio schedule of reinforcement

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33
Q

What are some monocular cues

A

interposition

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34
Q

what are some binocular cues

A

convergence, retinal disparity, shadow stereopsis, color intensity

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35
Q

Which part of the brain is responsible for release of hormones

A

the part of the brain that controls the equilibrium -hypothalamus

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36
Q

What does Cannon and Bard theory of emotion states

A

that cognition and physiological stimuli occur simultaneously but separately in the formation of emotion

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37
Q

Vygotsky vs. Piaget

A

vygotsky posited how languages shapes the environment and the thoughts of the culture as children grow up in the environemnt
piaget focused more on logic and other components of cognitive development

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38
Q

what is the power of statistical test

A

refers to tits ability to find a difference in distribution when there actually is one

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39
Q

what kind of thinking would require naming a specific fact

A

convergent thinking

40
Q

what disorder would be characterized by damage to the basal ganglia

A

basal ganglia-voluntary muscle movements
parkinsons

41
Q

What is the wilcoxon signed ranks test

A

nonparametric test that compares related samples, matched samples or repeated measured on a single sample

42
Q

who combined learning theory with psychoanalysis

A

John Dollard and Neal Miller

43
Q

ecological validity

A

wether theory can be applied to real world situations

44
Q

who is known for microagression research

A

Derlad Wing Sue

45
Q

What is a derived test score

A

one that is converted from a raw test score

46
Q

what is a stanine score

A

score that has been converted on a scale of 1-9

47
Q

What is a survey battery test?

A

designed to measure acquired knowledge, especially academic progress

48
Q

Theory developed by Broadbent using finding in his dichotic listening task

A

filter model of selective attention

49
Q

What does the intensity of the impulse depend on

A

the number of signals fired

50
Q

Who did research into gender development and sex difference?

A

Mccobby and Jacklin

51
Q

What explains color vision in the retin

A

trichromatic theory of color, retina is responsible for 3 colors

52
Q

what is tokenism

A

hiring or acceptance of one or a very few members of a particular group ignorer to appear that the company or group is not discriminating against that group

53
Q

What does artificial intelligence use to solve problems?

A

heuritiscs and algoritms

54
Q

Examples of human absolute threasholds

A

-hearign the tick of an old fashioned watch from 20 feet away
-being able to see a candle flame from 30 miles away on a clear dark night
-tasting one teaspoon of sugar dissolved in two gallons of water
-feeling a bee’s wing on your cheek dropped from a height of about one half inch

55
Q

What is the brain believed to have evolved from first?

A

hindbrain
retricular formation

56
Q

What is ethnographic research

A

anthropological roots and involved studying another culture in general terms, not studying individuals in a subculture

57
Q

What is grounded theory ?

A

research in which data are collected and analyzed until a theory is formulated

58
Q

What is Allport known for?

A

functional autonomy (doing something past the point of needing to)

59
Q

What is concurrent validity?

A

Type of criterion validity in which the criterion measure is obtained at about the same time as the test score

60
Q

McClelland and Rumelhart

A

published a two volume book about parallel distributed processing (PDP)
states that human information processing is distributed across the brain and is done in a parallel fashion

61
Q

What is nondominant hemisphere more adept at

A

spatial organization

62
Q

Galton

A

first person to study individual differences influence on James McKEen Catell

63
Q

dual code hypothesis

A

concrete information is encoded into memory both visually and verbally while abstract information is encoded into memory only verbally

64
Q

Who’s known for method of introspection and the goal of analyzing consciousness into its elements/structualism

A

Titchener

65
Q

hypothetic deductive method

A

scientists first define and formulate their hypotheses
the scientist perform experiments under carefully controlled conditions to test their hypotheses
the scientists interprets the results of their experiments and if necessary change their hypothesis

66
Q

another name for iconic memory

A

visual sensory memory

67
Q

mental chronometry

A

use of reaction time to study cognitive processing

68
Q

Which intelligence tests are used for children?

A

WAISC
stanford binet

69
Q

Witkin’s theory

A

drew a relationship between an individuals personality and the way she perceived the world
classified people according to their degree of field dependence

70
Q

hypothetic deductive system

A

theory of learning described by Clark Hull in which he believed he could predict human behavior by looking at all of the possible intervening variables that could determine a relationship between an input and an output

71
Q

igreatation

A

process of presentation where we try to make ourselves seem very likable

72
Q

what happens inside the axons when it is in resting potnetial

A

the fluid inside the neuron has more negatively charged ions than the fluid outside; resulting from selective permeability of the axon membrane

73
Q

What kind of therapy would focus on brining together the real and ideal self?

A

humanistic

74
Q

type i error and ii

A

type i-false positive
type ii-false negative

75
Q

what is the mesolimbic dopamine pathway (brain rewards system)

A

ventral tegmental area connecting to nucleus accumbens

76
Q

Mischel’s marshmellow experiment

A

children presented with marshmallow and asked to forfeit to get 2 late on
study focused around heritability

77
Q

stroke in which area of the brain would result in visual and sensory halucinations

A

where parietal lobe borders occipital lobe

78
Q

Rollo May

A

existential psychologist believed that we are born into human body and we die and everything else involves elements of freedom, choice, and responsibility

79
Q

which organs are involved in kinesthetic snesing

A

joint receptors
free nerve endings
muscle spindles
Golgi tendon organs

80
Q

what disorder is this: Debra believed she is a demon and must be destroyed, will attempt suicide if hospital staff do not watch her continuously, she cries constantly and refuses to eat or leave her bed

A

schizotypal

81
Q

What at Elkman’s 6 basic emotions

A

sadness
happiness
fear
anger
suprise
disgust

82
Q

parasomnia

A

abnormal behavior that occurs during sleep - like somnambulism -sleepwalking

83
Q

peripheral route of persuasion

A

relying on peripheral routes such as emotions and celerity reinforcement

84
Q

temperal summation

A

rapid stimulation of a specific synapse likely to produce a cumulative effect in the postsynaptic cell

85
Q

what kind of aggression are adolescent girls known to exhibit

A

relational

86
Q

visual pathway that tells us what we’re looking at

A

ventral stream

87
Q

What will damaging the suprachisastmic nucleus due in rats?

A

interfere with the biological clock that is synchronized with light

88
Q

where is action potential triggered

A

axon hillock

89
Q

Damage to which part of the ear will result in less hearing in crowded plces

A

hair cells

90
Q

general adaptation syndrome

A
91
Q

supplication

A

eliciting sympathy to creative a positive self image

92
Q

What is normative influence?

A

conformity motivated by fear of social rejection

93
Q

what is long term potentiation associated with

A

learning

94
Q

propinquity

A

proximity between people

95
Q
A

GRE Extra (2 decks)

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