3.3 Biological Molecules – Carbohydrates

Question 1

a biological macromolecule in which the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is
1:2:1; carbohydrates serve as energy sources and structural support in cells

Answer 1

carbohydrate

Question 2

a polysaccharide that makes up the cell walls of plants and provides structural support
to the cell

Answer 2

cellulose

Question 3

a type of carbohydrate that forms the outer skeleton of arthropods, such as insects and
crustaceans, and the cell walls of fungi

Answer 3

chitin

Question 4

a reaction where monomers combine with the help of water (and often
an enzyme) to form polymers

Answer 4

dehydration synthesis

Question 5

two sugar monomers that are linked together by a peptide bond

Answer 5

disaccharide

Question 6

a storage carbohydrate in animals

Answer 6

glycogen

Question 7

a single unit or monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 7

monosaccharide

Question 8

a long chain of monosaccharides; may be branched or unbranched

Answer 8

polysaccharide

Question 9

a storage carbohydrate in plants

Answer 9

starch