3.4 Biological Molecules – Lipids Flashcards

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1
Q

a lipid molecule composed of three fatty acids and glycerol (triglyceride) that typically exists
in a solid form at room temperature

A

fat

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2
Q

a chemical signaling molecule, usually a protein or steroid, secreted by an endocrine
gland or group of endocrine cells; acts to control or regulate specific physiological processes

A

hormone

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3
Q

describes a substance that dissolves in water; water-loving

A

hydrophilic

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4
Q

describes a substance that does not dissolve in water; water-fearing

A

hydrophobic

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5
Q

a class of macromolecules that are nonpolar and insoluble in water

A

lipids

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6
Q

an unsaturated fat that is a liquid at room temperature

A

oil

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7
Q

a major constituent of the membranes of cells; composed of two fatty acids and a
phosphate group attached to the glycerol backbone

A

phospholipid

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8
Q

a long-chain hydrocarbon with single covalent bonds in the carbon chain;
the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton is maximized

A

saturated fatty acid

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9
Q

a type of lipid composed of four fused hydrocarbon rings

A

steroid

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10
Q

a form of unsaturated fat with the hydrogen atoms neighboring the double bond across
from each other rather than on the same side of the double bond

A

trans-fat

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11
Q

a fat molecule; consists of three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule

A

triglyceride

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12
Q

a long-chain hydrocarbon that has one or more than one double bonds
in the hydrocarbon chain

A

unsaturated fatty acid

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13
Q

a type of lipid made up of a hydrocarbon chain with an alcohol (–OH) group and a fatty
acid

A

waxes

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