Common drugs in Obstetrics Flashcards
What are the indications for Oxytocin ?
- Induction and augmentation of labor
- Control and prevention of PPH
- Controls bleeding after: abortion or D & C for molar pregnancies
What are the contraindications for Oxytocin?
- Uterine scar
- Multiple pregnancies
- Fetal distress
- Malpresentation
What are the side effects of Oxytocin?
- Uterine Hyperstimulation
- Uterine rupture
- Maternal hypotension
- Fetal hypoxia and death
What are the MOA of Oxytocin?
MOA - Mechanism of action
In the Uterus: promotes uterine contractions by binding to oxytocin receptors in the myometrium → depolarization of muscle fibers and influx of Ca 2+ ions. Concentration of oxytocin receptors increases significantly in the 3rd trimester
In the Breast: facilitates milk ejection reflex via myoepithelial cell contraction
what is the brand name for Oxytocin?
Pitocin
What is Misoprostol?
A Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) analog
What is the brand name of Misoprostol?
Cytotec
What is the MOA for Misoprostol?
MOA - Mechanism of action
Promotes uterine contractions & cervical ripening
What are the indications for Misoprostol?
- Control PPH
- Cervical ripening & induction
- Medical abortions
- Prophylaxis for NSAID-induced gastric ulcers (contraindicated during pregnancy)
What are the contraindications of Misoprostol?
- Treating of gastric ulcers while pregnant
- Uterine scar
- Hypersensitivity reaction
What are the side effects of Misoprostol?
- Nausea & Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Uterine Hypertimulation
- Meconium stained liqour
What is the brand name of Methylergometrine?
Methergine
What is the MOA of Methylergometrine?
induces rapid and sustained tetanic uterine contractions by binding to Dopamine D1 receptors
What are the indications of Methylergometrine?
- Prevention & control of PPH
- Facilitate uterine contractions after C-section
- Control bleeding after: abortion and D & C for molar pregnancy
What are the contraindications for Methylergometrine?
- Administration after delivery of 1st twin (→ entrapment of 2nd twin)
- Heart disease (causes pulmonary edema due to sequestration of blood from uterine circulation into systemic circulation)
- Pre-eclampsia & Eclampsia (causes a sudden rise in BP)
What is the brand name for Carbopost tromethamine?
Hemabate
What is the MOA for Carbopost tromethamine?
Promotes uterine contraction
What are the indications for Carbopost tromethamine?
- Treat PPH 2° Uterine Atony
- 2nd Trimester termination