C4

Question 1

Where can you find the alkali metals? Why are they called that?

Answer 1

Group 1. They react with water to form alkaline solutions.

Question 2

What are the properties of alkali metals?

Answer 2

1. Low melting points
2. Very reactive
3. Soft
4. Low density

Question 3

What gas is produced when an alkali metal reacts with water?

Answer 3

Hydrogen.

Question 4

What is formed when an alkali metal reacts with oxygen?

Answer 4

Metal oxide.

Question 5

Why are alkali metals often stored in oil?

Answer 5

To prevent them reacting with oxygen and water vapour in the air.

Question 6

Why are the alkali metals very reactive?

Answer 6

They have one electron in their outer shell which they need to lose to obtain a stable electron configuration.

Question 7

Explain the trend of reactivity down Group 1.

Answer 7

Reactivity increases down the group as the atomic radius and electron shielding increase so there is weaker attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electron. This means the outer electron is lost more easily further down the group.

Question 8

What is the name of the elements in Group 0 of the periodic table?

Answer 8

Noble gases.

Question 9

What are the properties of the noble gases?

Answer 9

1. Low boiling points
2. Low density
3. Inert

Question 10

What does chemically inert mean?

Answer 10

Very unreactive.

Question 11

Why are noble gases chemically inert?

Answer 11

They have full outer electron shells so they are very stable.

Question 12

Describe the trend in melting and boiling points down Group 0.

Answer 12

The melting and boiling points increase.

Question 13

What are elements in Group 7 of the periodic table called?

Answer 13

Halogens.

Question 14

What is the color and state of chlorine at room temperature?

Answer 14

Pale green gas.

Question 15

What is the color and state of bromine at room temperature?

Answer 15

Red-brown liquid.

Question 16

What is the color and state of iodine at room temperature?

Answer 16

Black solid.

Question 17

Why are the halogens at different states at room temperature?

Answer 17

Because they have different melting and boiling points. As you go down Group 7, melting and boiling point increases.

Question 18

What are the properties of halogens?

Answer 18

1. Increase melting and boiling points.
2. Diatomic.
3. Reactive.

Question 19

What does diatomic mean?

Answer 19

They form molecules containing two atoms.

Question 20

What charge does a halide ion carry? Why?

Answer 20

-1
They gain one electron to obtain a full outer shell and a stable electron configuration.

Question 21

Describe the trend in reactivity of the halogens. How does this affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 21

Reactivity decreases down the group.
The rate of reaction also decreases down the group.

Question 22

When does a halogen displacement reaction occur?

Answer 22

When a more reactive halogen displaces a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its halide ions.

Question 23

Which halogens can chlorine displace?

Answer 23

Any halogens below chlorine in group 7.

Question 24

Which halogens cannot be displaced by bromine?

Answer 24

Chlorine and fluorine because they are above bromine in group 7 so are more reactive.

Question 25

What are the properties of transition metals?

Answer 25

1. Hard
2. High density
3. High melting and boiling points
4. Less reactive than alkali metals

Question 26

Examples of transition metals.

Answer 26

Iron, Copper, Nickel

Question 27

What is a displacement reaction?

Answer 27

A reaction where a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in a compound.