Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Science > Med Term Review Pt. 3 > Flashcards

Med Term Review Pt. 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Alzheimer’s

A

AD, atrophy of the brain; dementia is a precursor; 1 in 9 elderly have this; there are meds that stop progression but do not cure it; idiopathic and no way to predict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ALS

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis aka Lou Gehrig’s; atrophy of motor neurons (PNS), cognitively fine but brains message to move isn’t working; no tx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

TIA/CVA

A

transient ischemic attack or cerebrovascular accident; stroke; no accessory blood supply in brain and coronary arteries; ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes; hemorrhagic is more common; slurred speech and muscle weakness; tissue dies forever;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is an ischemic stroke?

A

blockage of an artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is an hemorrhagic stroke?

A

rupture of an artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MS

A

multiple sclerosis; selma blair; 1 million people and climbing; myelin is being destroyed, results in damaged communication btwn brain and body;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Guillain-Barre

A

autoimmune; post bacterial or viral infection; body attacks neurons; pain, temporary paralysis in body and in vocal cords, speech problems; active and in remission whenever it wants; up to 18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CP

A

cerebral palsy; congenital abnormal brain development; forceps during birth is a suspected cause; birthing trauma; moms lifestyle choices like if she’s an addict; permanent damage to child’s brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Parkinsons

A

CNS problem with neurotransmitter dopamine (low dopamine levels); idiopathic tremors; no cure, more ratchety/random tremors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Seizure

A

not all are d/t epilepsy; nutritional, high fever; brain way of expressing pain; petite and grand mal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

grand mal seizure

A

usually brain damage; not as common; earth quake seizure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

petite mal seizure

A

zone out; usually no brain damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

capillary damage resulting in loss of vision from mismanaged blood sugar levels over time; sludgy blood; a way ppl are dx is through this, dr. examines the retina; takes many years; vision never returns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

glaucoma

A

typically in older people; risk is to damage the retina; drops for tx; intraocular pressure that is put on the optic nerve, can go blind if left untreated; tonometry to dx; mostly opthamologists do tx but a small number of optometrists can

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

macular degeneration

A

idiopathic; age related; atrophy of the macula; no cure; happens where rods and cones are most concentrated in the macula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

retinal detachment

A

spontaneous retina detaches from blood supply in eye; ER; can result in blindness if not tx ASAP; painful; requires stitches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

myopia

A

nearsightedness; light refraction problem with the way the light hits the cornea, more common that hyperopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

hyperopia

A

farsightedness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Meniere’s/ vertigo

A

dizziness; inner ear problem where fluid can’t drain; apparatus has too much fluid, it gets swollen, causes backup and nerves get activated “saying your moving”; tx is diuretics and sedatives; no cure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

conductive hearing loss

A

overuse / old age; tx is hearing aids; sclerosis of ossicles, they vibrate constantly so scleroric and arthritic trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

neural deafness

A

usually congenital; tx is cochlear implant that is imbedded in cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

CTE

A

chronic traumatic encephalopathy; can’t see on MRI, only after death; abnormal protein deposits that cause neurons not to fire correctly and strangles them; developing brain is very susceptible; mimik AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

tinnitis

A

ringing, buzzing, whistling in ear; idiopathic; no tx or cure; usually never stops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

TBI

A

traumatic brain injury; concussion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tx

A

treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

DI

A

diabetes insipidus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

cateract

A

protein deposits that cloud the lens; tx is cadaver lens transplantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

IDDM

A

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

GH

A

growth hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

aden/o

A

gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

glyc/o, gluc/o

A

sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

gonad/o

A

sex gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

natr/o

A

sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

DM

A

diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

CDE

A

certified diabetes educator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

NIDDM

A

non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

FBS

A

fasting blood sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

crin/o

A

to secrete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

myx/o

A

mucus; slime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

immun/o

A

immune; immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

tox/o, toxic/o

A

toxic; poison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

DM/DI

A

diabetes mellitus/ insipidus ; type 1; autoimmune; adolescence; no insulin bc body destroys the cells that make it; synthetic insulin is tx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

insulin

A

takes sugar out of the bloodstream and into cells for energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

NIDDM

A

non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; type 2; body doesn’t produce as much insulin or is resistant to insulin; tx is sometimes insulin shots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

lead to death if insulin is not regulated correctly; there is either too little or no insulin for blood sugar; liver breaks down fat b/c they don’t have energy from bloodsugar b/c there’s no insulin, producing ketone acids, too many ketones is very dangerous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

cushing’s

A

too much cortisol; weakness; thin skin; hypertension; weight gain, usu around belly d/t tumor or steroid use; no death, treatable but many problems; iatrogenic (corticosteroids prescribed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

addison’s

A

autoimmune; decreased cortisol/aldosterone; causes anemia; hypotension; hypoglycemia; increase skin pigmentation; joint pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

grave’s

A

autoimmune that causes hyperthyroidism, bulging eyes, weight loss, thin and oily hair and skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

TED

A

thyroid eye disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what meds are a lot of heart problems, cirrhosis, and edema pts. on?

A

diuretics b/c it decreases fluid volume which then decreases BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what is the function of the urinary system

A

removes waste from your blood, in the form of urine; also helps regulate your blood volume and pressure and controls the level of chemicals and salts (electrolytes) in your body’s cells and blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

-tripsy

A

crushing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

cyst/o

A

cyst; fluid sac; bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

noct/o

A

night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

olig/o

A

scanty (very small)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

-graphy

A

field of study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

UA

A

urinalysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

-pexy

A

union; formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

nephr/o

A

relating to kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

-uria

A

urine condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

-gram

A

to record

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

UTI

A

urinary tract infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

KUB

A

kidney, ureter, and bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

CATH

A

cardiac catheterization

57
Q

dys-

A

painful; difficult

58
Q

NEG

A

negative or normal

59
Q

inter

A

between 2 or more things

60
Q

lith/o

A

stone

61
Q

sp gr

A

urine specific gravity

62
Q

urologist

A

after pee problems and urinary tract in general

63
Q

nephrologist

A

problems with filtering blood and making pee, kidneys

64
Q

diuresis

A

increase in frequency of urination; urologist

65
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination d/t std or uti; burning feeling; if left untreated bacteria can “crawl”up into bladder then to kidneys which results in renal failure; urologist

66
Q

enuresis

A

nervous system disorder; typical in young kids; wet the bed, brain is not sophisticated enough to tell the rest of your body you need to pee; voluntary

67
Q

incontinence

A

older people; can’t hold it d/t muscular atrophy; pee involuntarily b/c muscles are weak; urologist; sphincter muscle

68
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

kidney stones; lithotripsy is tx; urologist

69
Q

PKU

A

genetic disorder where pt lack enzyme to break down phenylalanine in blood; pin poke needle in heal in babies to check for enzyme; meds; need to know early; can be toxic and result in death; OBGYN

70
Q

PKU stands for

A

phenylketonuria

71
Q

PKD

A

genetic kidney disease where cysts develop in kidney affecting functions, loss of function –> kidneys don’t clean blood –> backup of blood in kidney –> hypertension –> nephrosclerosis; tx is dialysis then transplant; nephrologist

72
Q

PKD stands for

A

polycystic kidney disease

73
Q

dialysis

A

nephrologist; machine that cleans blood artificially so you don’t have uremia and takes out the components of urine that haven’t be able to be filtered out by the kidneys

74
Q

urinalysis

A

pee in a cup and lab checks whats in it; can be used as pregnancy test; reads sugar content and can detect diabetes bc blood sugar is high and so much is in the blood its not all filtered out and it is left in urine; nephrologist

75
Q

ov/o

A

ovum, egg

76
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

77
Q

HPV

A

human papillomavirus

78
Q

andr/o

A

male

79
Q

gynec/o

A

female

80
Q

PID

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

81
Q

BR

A

bed rest

82
Q

trans-

A

across; over; beyond

83
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian/eustachian tube

84
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

85
Q

VD

A

venereal disease, STD

86
Q

TSE

A

testicular self examination

87
Q

GU

A

genitourinary

88
Q

HCG

A

human chorionic gonadotropin

89
Q

N/V

A

nausea and vomitting

90
Q

-cele

A

hernia; protrusion; swelling

91
Q

STI

A

sexually transmitted infection

92
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus

93
Q

orch/o

A

testis; testicle

94
Q

BSE

A

breast self examination

95
Q

PMS

A

premenstrual syndrome

96
Q

OB/GYN

A

obstetrics and gynecology

97
Q

zo/o

A

life; animal

98
Q

ED

A

erectile dysfunction

99
Q

HSV

A

herpes simplex virus, herpes

100
Q

-rrhagia

A

rupture

101
Q

py/o

A

pus

102
Q

-centesis

A

puncture, perforation

103
Q

-arche

A

beginning

104
Q

cry/o

A

cold

105
Q

crypt/o

A

hidden

106
Q

mast/o

A

breast

107
Q

primi-

A

first

108
Q

-partum

A

childbirth

109
Q

nulli-

A

none; no

110
Q

gon/o

A

seed

111
Q

-rrhapy

A

suture, surgical repair

112
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

113
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant

114
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

115
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

116
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

117
Q

prostate and testicular cancer

A

P: 1/8 adult males will be dx; 2nd cause of death in the US;

T: 1/250 males, excellent survival rates

blood work, urinalysis, and palpate prostate are screening tests of P cancer

118
Q

testicular torsion

A

spontaneous twisting of spermatic cord; can cut of blood supply to testes; ER situation

119
Q

epididymitis

A

600k cases per year; d/t idiopathic, STD’s, or UTI’s

120
Q

UTIs are rare in

A

males

121
Q

vasectomy

A

cutting the vas deferens to prevent sperm from getting to semen; urologist; done in office/ outpatient; permanent male birth control

122
Q

placenta previa

A

placenta develops over exit (cervix) and it becomes blocked; automatic c-section

123
Q

abruptio placentae

A

placenta suddenly detaches from uterus wall and baby is no longer getting oxygenated blood; tx within an hour (cesarean); sign is bleeding

124
Q

preeclampisa

A

dramatic increase in BP; dangerous; aka toxemia; common and idiopathic; emergency situation; within 24hrs the baby must be delivered; body says its done making babies; swell up; uremia; meds to bring BP down

125
Q

meconium apsiration

A

baby inhales meconium as they take their first breath

126
Q

fibroids

A

benign blood tumor in uterus; made from uterine cells too; make flow heavy and huge blood clots, bad cramps; tx is ablation for very serious symptoms

127
Q

ablation

A

cauterize (whatever needs to be)

128
Q

endometriosis

A

inside layer of uterus that sheds every month develops outside the uterus; causes infertility b/c lining can’t hold eggs, infections, immense cramping, abn. periods; no tx

129
Q

hysterectomy total

A

whole uterus

130
Q

hysterectomy partial

A

takes top of uterus and leaves cervix

131
Q

hysterectomy radial

A

fallopian tubes, uterus, ovaries

132
Q

breach

A

baby’s feet are first, can switch back up until the last second

133
Q

breach birth

A

feet are first during birth

134
Q

placenta

A

huge filter, extra protection that filters blood for the baby

135
Q

which way is the best way a baby should be born

A

face down, head first

136
Q

what can a hysterectomy also be done for

A

endometriosis if bad enough, not a cure but relieves a little pain

137
Q

mastectomy

A

removal of breast

138
Q

tubal ligation

A

permanent female birth control; cut and burn fallopian tubes; major surgery;

139
Q

retina

A

takes light and turns it into a electrical impulse

140
Q

ossicles

A

vibrate, transmits to cochlea which transmits electrical impulses for processing info

141
Q

full term

A

40 weeks

142
Q

premature

A

below 37 wks

143
Q

mammogram

A

x-ray of breast to look for cancer; starts when you are 40;

144
Q

untreated diabetes can cause

A

renal failure; hard on cardiovascular system

145
Q

ways to check for breast cancer

A

mammogram and palpating the area

146
Q

stages of labor

A

water breaks, dilation, effacement, expulsion, delivery of placenta

147
Q

water breaks

A

mucus plug is release and water falls out

148
Q

dilations

A

10 cm for baby to come out, cervix gets wider

149
Q

effacement

A

cervix gets thinner

150
Q

explusion

A

crowning, and baby descends; umbilical cord is cut

151
Q

delivery of the placenta

A

uterus will detach and contract, pushing the placenta out

Health Science (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions