Risk Scores

Question 1

What is QRISK3

Answer 1

Risk of Heart attack in the next 10 years

Question 2

What personal info is used for QRISK3?

Answer 2

Age
Sex
Ethnicity
BMI- Height (cm) and weight (kg)
Postcode

Question 3

What PMH is relevant to QRISK3?

Answer 3

CARD

(Chronic kidney disease, Atrial fibrillation, Rheumatoid arthritis, Diabetes)

Question 4

What other information (not PMH) is relevant to QRISK3?

Answer 4

Drug history
Angina or heart attack in a 1st degree relative <60
Social history
Smoking status
Cholesterol/HDL ratio
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

Question 5

How would you interpret these findings for QRISK3?

Answer 5

<10% LOW RISK
10-20% MODERATE
> 20% HIGH

Question 6

What is the CHA2DS2-VAS score?

Answer 6

Risk of stroke in Af patients

Question 7

What is in CHA2DS2-VAS score?

Answer 7

C: Congestive heart failure
H: Hypertension
A: Age greater than 75 - 2 points
D: Diabetes
S: Stroke/TIA - 2 points
V- Vascular history
A- Age 65-74
S- sex female

Question 8

How do you treat a score of 0 (m) or 1 (f) in CHA2DS2-VAS?

Answer 8

No anticoagulation just lifestyle

Question 9

How do you treat a score of 1 (m) in CHA2DS2-VAS?

Answer 9

Oral anticoag with well controlled vitamin K antagonist

Question 10

How do you treat a score of >2 in CHA2DS2-VAS?

Answer 10

Oral anticoag with well controlled vitamin K antagonist

Question 11

What is the FRAX score?

Answer 11

Risk assessment tool for estimating 10-yr risk of osteoporotic fracture in untreated patients

Question 12

What are some components of the FRAX score

Answer 12

Age
Sex
Weight (kg)
Height (cm)
Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2)
PMH

Question 13

What T-score indicates osteoporosis

Answer 13

<-2.5

Question 14

What is the ABCD2 score?

Answer 14

Estimates the risk of stroke after a suspected transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Question 15

What are the components to the ABCD2 score?

Answer 15

A: Age >60yrs
B: Blood pressure >140/90 mmHg
C: Clinical features of TIA (2 points for unilateral weakness with speech impairment, 1 for just unilateral weakness)
D: Duration of symptoms (2 points for over 60mins, 1 for under)
D: Diabetes

Question 16

How would you interpret the scores for ABCD2? And what medication (and dose) might you start immediately?

Answer 16

Score 0-3: 1% chance of stroke at 2 days
Score 4-5: 4% chance of stroke at 2 days
Score 6-7: 8% chance of stroke at 2 days

300mg Asprin

Question 17

What is the WELLS criteria?

Answer 17

Calculates the risk of having a DVT

Question 18

How do you interpret the Wells score?

Answer 18

3 or higher - High risk of DVT
1 or 2 - Moderate risk of DVT
0 or less - Low risk of DVT

Question 19

What are some components to the WELLS criteria?

Answer 19

Active cancer, or cancer that’s been treated within last six months
Paralysed leg
Recently bedridden for more than three days or had major surgery within last four weeks
Tenderness near a deep vein
Swollen leg
Swollen calf with diameter that’s more than 3 centimeters larger than the other calf’s
Pitting edema in one leg
Large veins in your legs that aren’t varicose veins
Previously diagnosed with DVT