the run up to the first world war Flashcards
what was the july crisis?
The July Crisis was the assassination of the arch-duke franz ferdinand and his wife sophie in Sarajevo, Bosnia.
The assassin was a member of Serbia’s terrorist group, ‘The Black Hand’.
What was the Black Hand’s aim?
To realise the national ideal the unification of all serbs.
what happened on the 2nd of July 1914?
Emperor Franz Josef (Austria) sends a letter to Kaiser Wilhelm II (Germany) asking for support.
what happened on the 5th of July 1914?
Germany sends a telegram indicating it would honour its treaty obligations to support Austria (this was known as the ‘blank cheque’).
what happened on the 5-19th of July 1914?
There is debate within the Austro-Hungarian government over what to do next.
By the 19th of July the Hungarian prime minister is ‘firmly convinced of the necessity of war’.
It is agreed that Austria-Hungary will issue an ultimatum to Serbia.
what happened on the 23rd of July 1914?
Austria delivers the ultimatum to Serbia, demanding a response in 48 hours.
But the last clause of the ultimatum made it impossible for Serbia to accept.
what happened on the 25th of July 1914?
Serbia responds by agreeing to many, but not all of the terms.
what happened on the 28th of JUly 1914?
Austria sends a telegram to Serbia declaring war.
Russia orders ‘partial mobilisation’ in response - Germany warns Russia not to help the Serbs.
what happened on the 29th of July 1914?
The German chancellor is concerned about Russia and Britain’s willingness to get involved.
He urges Austria-Hungary to hold back but if they were to call off its troops, they would be humiliated.
what happened on the 30th of July 1914?
Russia and Austria both order general mobilisation.
what happened on the 1st of August 1914?
Germany declares war on Russia.
Germany sends an ultimatum to France demanding guarantees of French neutrality.
what happened on the 2nd of August 1914?
France, Russia’s ally, authorizes a FULL mobilisation.
what happened on the 3rd of August 1914?
France responds to Germany’s ultimatum saying France would be ‘guided by their own interest’ and Germany declares war on France.
what happened on the 4th of August 1914?
Britain demands that Germany withdraw from Belgium.
When Germany refuses, Britain delcares war on Germany.
what happened on the 6th of August 1914?
Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia and Serbia declares war on Germany.
