end-feel, MMT measurements

Question 1

capsular ROM

Answer 1

• limitation of pain and movement in a joint specific ratio
• usually w/ arthritis and prolonged immobilization

Question 2

non-capsular ROM

Answer 2

• limitation in a joint in any pattern other than a capsular one
• may indicate presence of either derangement, restriction of one part of the joint, extra-articular lesion obstruction joint motion

Question 3

soft end-feel

Answer 3

• soft tissues approximates
• ex: knee flexion - contact between soft tissue of posterior leg and psoterior thigh

Question 4

firm end-feel

Answer 4

• muscular stretch, capsular stretch, ligamentous stretch
• ex: hip flexion with knee straight, MCP joint extension, forearm supination , ankle DF, hip IR

Question 5

hard end feel

Answer 5

• bone catching bone
• ex: elbow extension - contact between olecranon process of ulna and olecranon fossa of humerus

Question 6

avulsion fracture

Answer 6

• portion of bone fragmented at site of tendon attachment d/t traumatic and sudden stretch of tendon

Question 7

closed fracture

Answer 7

• break in a bone where skin over site remains intact

Question 8

comminuted fracture

Answer 8

• bone that breaks into fragments at site of injury

Question 9

compound fracture

Answer 9

• break in a bone that protrudes through skin

Question 10

greenstick fracture

Answer 10

• break on one side of a bone that does not damage periosteum on opposite side
• often seen in children

Question 11

nonunion fracture

Answer 11

• break bone that has failed to unite and heal after 9-12 months

Question 12

spiral fracture

Answer 12

• break in bone shaped like “S” d/t torsion and twist

Question 13

k-levels

Answer 13

• 0: no prosthesis
• 1: transfers, level surface, fixed cadence, household
• 2: low-level barriers, limited community
• 3: variable cadence, unlimited community
• 4: exceeds basic ambulation skills