Cell Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

Parts of an animal cell (general)

A
  1. Cell membrane
  2. Cytoplasm
  3. Nucleus
  4. Mitochondria
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2
Q

Parts of a plant cell (general)

A
  1. Cell wall
  2. Mitochondria
  3. Nucleus
  4. Chloroplast
  5. Ribosome (IGNORE)
  6. Vacuole
  7. Cell membrane
  8. Cytoplasm
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3
Q

Function of a cell membrane

A
  • Purpose: Regulates the movements of molecules in and out of the cell
  • Is partially permeable (only allows some substances to pass through it)
  • Protects the cell from the environment
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4
Q

Function of a mitochondria

A
  • Small oval shaped organelles
  • Purpose: Breaks down food substances to release energy needed for cell reproduction and growth
  • aerobic respiration takes place here
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5
Q

Function of a cytoplasm

A
  • A jelly like substance that fills the inside of cells
  • Purpose: It is where most cell activities occur
  • Contains organelle and dissolved substances
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6
Q

Function of the nucleus

A
  • Where genetic info/ DNA is toured
  • purpose: controls cell activity such as cell growth and repair
  • Essential for cell division
  • It is surrounded by a membrane called nucleur membrane
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7
Q

function of a cell wall

A
  • Made of cellulose
  • Purpose: Provides additional protection and support the cell, giving a fixed and rigid shape to the plant cell
  • Is fully permeable (allows all substances to pass through it)
  • the cell wall is stiff and rigid
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8
Q

Function of chloroplast

A

Contains chlorophyll that can trap sunlight in the process of photosynthesis to make food for the plant.

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9
Q

Diffusion

A

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, till it reaches an equilibrium

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10
Q

Osmosis

A

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane, from a region of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential

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11
Q

Turgid cell (plant cell)

A

water potential outside the cell is higher than inside the cell (Water molecules from the solution enter the cell)

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12
Q

Flaccid cell (plant cell)

A

Water potential outside the cell is lower than inside the cell (Water molecules exit from the ell into the solution)

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13
Q

Plasmolyzed cell (Plant cell)

A

Water potential outside the cell is very much lower than inside the cell (Water molecules exit the cell. Cytoplasm and cell membrane detach from cell wall)

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14
Q

Water potential outside animal cell is higher than inside the cell

A

Cell will expand and burst. Water molecules from the solution entered the cell

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15
Q

Water potential outside the animal cell is lower than inside the cell

A

Cell is crenated (shrinks and spikes form). Water molecules exit from the cell into the solution

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