Cell Biology

Question 1

Parts of an animal cell (general)

Answer 1

1. Cell membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. Nucleus
4. Mitochondria

Question 2

Parts of a plant cell (general)

Answer 2

1. Cell wall
2. Mitochondria
3. Nucleus
4. Chloroplast
5. Ribosome (IGNORE)
6. Vacuole
7. Cell membrane
8. Cytoplasm

Question 3

Function of a cell membrane

Answer 3

• Purpose: Regulates the movements of molecules in and out of the cell
• Is partially permeable (only allows some substances to pass through it)
• Protects the cell from the environment

Question 4

Function of a mitochondria

Answer 4

• Small oval shaped organelles
• Purpose: Breaks down food substances to release energy needed for cell reproduction and growth
• aerobic respiration takes place here

Question 5

Function of a cytoplasm

Answer 5

• A jelly like substance that fills the inside of cells
• Purpose: It is where most cell activities occur
• Contains organelle and dissolved substances

Question 6

Function of the nucleus

Answer 6

• Where genetic info/ DNA is toured
• purpose: controls cell activity such as cell growth and repair
• Essential for cell division
• It is surrounded by a membrane called nucleur membrane

Question 7

function of a cell wall

Answer 7

• Made of cellulose
• Purpose: Provides additional protection and support the cell, giving a fixed and rigid shape to the plant cell
• Is fully permeable (allows all substances to pass through it)
• the cell wall is stiff and rigid

Question 8

Function of chloroplast

Answer 8

Contains chlorophyll that can trap sunlight in the process of photosynthesis to make food for the plant.

Question 9

Diffusion

Answer 9

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, till it reaches an equilibrium

Question 10

Osmosis

Answer 10

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane, from a region of higher water potential to an area of lower water potential

Question 11

Turgid cell (plant cell)

Answer 11

water potential outside the cell is higher than inside the cell (Water molecules from the solution enter the cell)

Question 12

Flaccid cell (plant cell)

Answer 12

Water potential outside the cell is lower than inside the cell (Water molecules exit from the ell into the solution)

Question 13

Plasmolyzed cell (Plant cell)

Answer 13

Water potential outside the cell is very much lower than inside the cell (Water molecules exit the cell. Cytoplasm and cell membrane detach from cell wall)

Question 14

Water potential outside animal cell is higher than inside the cell

Answer 14

Cell will expand and burst. Water molecules from the solution entered the cell

Question 15

Water potential outside the animal cell is lower than inside the cell

Answer 15

Cell is crenated (shrinks and spikes form). Water molecules exit from the cell into the solution