exam 1 (practice questions) Flashcards
emergent properties of living systems are properties that __________
are due to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
(not shown individually but collectively)
which statement best describes when properties emerge?
“the whole is greater than the sum of the parts”
- parts work together and cannot do it alone (even a calculator!)
in an ecosystem, nutrients _________ and energy __________
are recycled; flows through
the energy for most organism for metabolism and growth ultimately comes from _________
the sun
protists are eukaryotic but ________
single-celled
evolution tends to act at which level?
population
which of the following is outside the realm of scientific inquiry?
addressing ethical dilemmas
regardless of element, first electron shell of any atom of that element can hold a max of how many electrons?
two
which types of bonds attract water molecules to each other, causing surface tension and slowing rate of evaporation?
hydrogen bonds
most of the structural components of the human body are made up of which type of bond?
nonpolar covalent
which (electrons, neutrons, protons) INDIRECTLY determine the bonds that an atom can form?
protons
what must be true for a compound to be considered organic?
it must have carbon and hydrogen
the disappearance of which functional group would most adversely affect protein shape?
sulfhydryl
in what ways are hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds similar?
both are based on attraction b/w atoms that carry differences in electrical charge
as temp of something decreases, its kinetic energy ____________
decrease
more kinetic energy = more hot
give an example of monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide
monosaccharide: glucose, fructose
disaccharide: sucrose, lactose, maltose
polysaccharide: glycogen
the pH of the human blood is
weakly basic
individual monosaccharides primarily differ in the number of carbons and __________
orientation of carbonyl groups
polymers are made of monomer subunits that are joined by what type of bonds
covalent bonds
cellulose absorbs water in your intestines because ___________
like all carbohydrates, it is hydrophilic
molecules in which group share a carbon-ring framework?
steroids
denaturation is defined as ac change in __________ of a protein
three-dimensional shape
cholesterol is a _________
steroid
variable R-groups, or side chains, are found in which group?
proteins
proteins are formed via which process?
dehydration synthesis
what type of sugar is found in RNA?
ribose
what is the name of the most important high-energy compound in the body?
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
thymine is found in which molecule?
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
DNA consists of 2 nucleotide molecule chains held together by weak ________ bonds.
hydrogen