Cells & Tissue

Question 1

AUREM. Name the characteristics of all cells:

Answer 1

1. Absorbs: nutrients for growth and repair
2. Uses: O2 and nutrients for heat and energy
3. Mitosis: cell division
4. Responds: to light and temperature changes
5. Excretes: waste products
6. Movement: within the cell

Question 2

Structure of the dermis: BIG LOU NEVER SNORES SILENTLY AT HOME:

Answer 2

1. Big: Blood
2. Lou: Lymph
3. Never: Nerves
4. Snores: Sebaceous
5. Silently: Sudoriferous
6. At: Arector pili muscle
7. Home: Hair and follicle

Question 3

Cell structure:

Answer 3

Protoplasm: colourless, jelly-like substance within the cell membrane which is semi-permeable allowing substances to enter and leave the cell

Mitochondria: provide energy

Chromosomes: thread like structures in the nucleus which contain the genes (DNA)

Question 4

4 fundamental tissues of the body

Answer 4

1. Epithelium: very close packed together cells:
   - SQUAMOUS
   - CUBOIDAL
   -COLUMNAR
   - STRATIFIED
2. Connective tissue:
   -AREOLAR
   -ADIPOSE
   -WHITE FIBROUS
   -YELLOW ELASTIC
   -CARTILAGE
3. Muscle tissue
4. Nervous tissue

Question 5

Layers of the Epidermis (Corny Lucy’s Gran Spins Germs) going from the surface to the base of the epidermis:

Answer 5

5. Corneum/horny (most superficial. The cells are flat and are constantly being shed- known as DESQUAMATION
6. Lucidum/ clear
7. Granulosum/ granular
8. Spinosum/ prickle cell
9. Basale/ germinating

Question 6

7 Layers of the dermis:

Answer 6

1. Blood capillaries
2. Lymphatic capillaries
3. Sensory nerve endings: they send messages to the brain via the nervous system
4. Sebaceous glands: secrete sebum. Plenty on the face and scalp, absent from the palms and soles
5. Sudoriferous glands (sweat glands)
6. Erector pilli muscle: controls the movement and direction of the hair I.e. it makes the hair stand up when cold
7. Hair follicles: the hair and sebum is secreted into them