ROCKS AND MINERALS

Question 1

They make up Earth’s solid part and provide us valuable resources

Answer 1

Minerals

Question 2

A small group of these minerals make up almost 90% of the rocks of Earth’s crust

Answer 2

Common Rock-forming Minerals

Question 3

5 Requirements that must be met in order for a substance to be classified as a mineral

Answer 3

Naturally occuring, Inorganic, Solid, Definite Chemical Composition, and Ordered Crystal Structure

Question 4

To be considered common rock-forming mineral, it must be? (3 factors)

Answer 4

✓ one of the most abundant minerals in Earth’s crust
✓one of the original minerals present at the time of a crustal rock’s formation
✓an important mineral in determining classification of a rock

Question 5

The study of minerals and their properties (chemical and physical)

Answer 5

Mineralogy

Question 6

2 Properties of Mineral

Answer 6

Chemical and Physical

Question 7

Usually the property to identify minerals easily. It is the result of the way minerals absorb light

Answer 7

Color

Question 8

Color of the mineral in powder form

Answer 8

Streak

Question 9

Refers to the measure of the mineral’s resistance to scratching. Moh’s scale is used to identify this

Answer 9

Hardness

Question 10

10 is the rate of hardness and 1 is the rate of softness

Answer 10

Moh’s Scale

Question 11

Used to describe how minerals break into pieces

Answer 11

Cleavage and Fractures

Question 12

Some minerals split along flat surfaces when struck hard

Answer 12

Cleavage

Question 13

Other minerals break unevenly along rough or curved surfaces

Answer 13

Fracture

Question 14

Crystal lattices; tells how a mineral’s crystal are arranged

Answer 14

Crystalline Structure

Question 15

form regualr repeating 3D crystal lattice

Answer 15

Crystal Solid

Question 16

forms aggregates that have particular order or arrangement

Answer 16

Amorphous Solid

Question 17

indicates the extent of light that can pass through the mineral

Answer 17

Transparency / Diaphaneity

Question 18

Ability of a mineral to attract or repel other minerals

Answer 18

Magnetism

Question 19

level of resistance or reaction of minerals to such as crushing, bending, breaking, or tearing

Answer 19

Tenacity

Question 20

Reaction of mineral to light to determine how brilliant or dull it is

Answer 20

Luster

Question 21

It shines like a metal

Answer 21

Metallic

Question 22

They are shiny because they are transparent or semi-transparent

Answer 22

Non-Metallic

Question 23

A distinct smell of a mineral that is usually released from a chemical reaction when subjected to water, heat, air, or friction

Answer 23

Odor

Question 24

a measure of the density of a mineral

Answer 24

Specific Gravity

Question 25

This classification was used in 1848 by who?

Answer 25

James Dwight Dana

Question 26

8 Classes of Chemical Composition

Answer 26

Silicate, Carbonate, Sulphate, Halide, Oxide, Sulphide, Phosphate, And Native Element

Question 27

A class that is largest and most abundant group containing Si and O with some Al, Mg, Fe, and Ca.

Answer 27

Silicate Class

Question 28

A class mostly found deposited in marine environments.

Answer 28

Carbonate Class

Question 29

forms in areas with high evaporation rates and where salty waters slowly evaporate

Answer 29

Sulphate Class

Question 30

minerals containing halogen elements combined with one or more elements

Answer 30

Halide Class

Question 31

A diverse class formed as precipitates close to Earth’s surface or as oxidation products of minerals during the process of weathering

Answer 31

Oxide Class

Question 32

A class that has important metals such as copper, lead and silver which are considered economically significant

Answer 32

Sulfide Class

Question 33

A class that contains minerals with phosphorus. Considered as important biological mineral found in teeth and bones in many animals

Answer 33

Phosphate Class

Question 34

A class that contains metals and intermetallic elements, semimetals nonmetals or natural alloys and constituents of a few rare meteorites

Answer 34

Native Element Class