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eco/evo > Test #1 Vocab > Flashcards

Test #1 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Ecology

A

The study of the interaction and relationships among organisms and their abiotic environment.

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2
Q

Evolution

A

Development or change of species over time resulting in differences among organisms

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3
Q

Law

A

If this, then this.

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4
Q

Theroy

A

The same thing as a law, just with explanation

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5
Q

Origin of Species

A

The book written by Charles Darwin that was the beginnings of the theory of evolution

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6
Q

Adaptors

A

Any trait that enables an organism to survive and/or reproduce.

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7
Q

Fitness

A

Survive and reproduce

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8
Q

Tolerance

A

An organisms ability to withstand the environments of too much or too little.

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9
Q

Population

A

The amount of the same species in the same environment

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10
Q

Community

A

A collection of species living in the same spot at the same time

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11
Q

Phenotype

A

The visible expression of a gene

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12
Q

Genotype

A

The allele or genetic combo to give us a phenotype

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13
Q

Ecosystem

A

All living and nonliving things, Community and environment

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14
Q

Environment

A

The factors that influence an organism, constantly changing.

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15
Q

Species

A

Can successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

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16
Q

Directional Selection

A

Tendency to shift towards one extreme or the other via the phenotype

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17
Q

Stabilizing Selection

A

Tendency for phenotypes to concentrate on the intermediate and we lose the extremes

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18
Q

Disruptive Selection

A

Phenotypes to concentrate at the extremes, while ignoring the intermediates

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19
Q

DNA

A

Genetic Material

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20
Q

Genes

A

DNA segments that code for RNA

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21
Q

Mutation

A

any change in DNA

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22
Q

Variation

A

The variety of genes that diversify a species, largely occur by chance.

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23
Q

Polyploid

A

Variation in whole set of chromosomes

24
Q

Crossing Over

A

When homologus pairs exchange material during early meiosis

25
Q

Independent Assortment

A

Random arrangement of homologues chromosomes when lining up in metaphase

26
Q

Fertilization

A

Which egg will be fertilized by what sperm by chance

27
Q

Energy

A

The capacity to do work

28
Q

Matter

A

anything that takes up space and has mass

29
Q

Work

A

Any change in the state of motion of matter

30
Q

Potential Energy

A

Stored energy

31
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Energy of motion

32
Q

Laws of Thermodynamics

A

1.) Energy cannot be destroyed nor created
2.) Entropy tends to increase

33
Q

Enthropy

A

State of disorder

34
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintence of a relatively constant internal environment reguardless of the external environment.

35
Q

Thermohomeostasis

A

The ability to regulate ones internal temperature

36
Q

Endotherm

A

Use its internal processes to maintain internal temperatures.

37
Q

Ectotherm

A

Uses the external environment to regulate temperature

38
Q

Poikiotherm

A

Variable internal temperature

39
Q

Homeotherm

A

relatively constant internal temperature

40
Q

Stenotherm

A

Lives in narrow range or external temperatures

41
Q

Eurytherm

A

Lives in a wide range of external temperatures

42
Q

Transfer of Energy

A

Sun->Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Producers->Respiration<-Decomposers. Final stage is heat.

43
Q

Hydrologic Cycle

A

Rain, puddle, clouds etc.

44
Q

Carbon Cycle

A

Biological(Photosynthesis/Respiration)/Physical(Geology/Fossil Fuels) component. Fast v. Slow

45
Q

Nitrogen Cycle

A

Nitrogen Gas -> Nitrogen Fixing -> Ammonium->Nitrification->Nitrates/ites->Denitification

46
Q

Phosphorus Cycle

A

Very, Very Slow process and phosphorus is limiting b/c of it.

47
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium

A

The environment is always changing, while operating within its normal range.

48
Q

Succession

A

The progression of changing species in a community in response to a disturbance.

49
Q

Disturbance

A

Any relatively discrete event in time thats disrupts community structure and changes the physical environment.

50
Q

Intensity

A

Physical Force

51
Q

Severity

A

Impact on the community, organisms, or thing in question.

52
Q

Resistance

A

The capacity to maintain natural function and structure after a disturbance

53
Q

Resilience

A

The ability to recover after a natural disturbance.

54
Q

Frequency

A

of events in a given time frame

55
Q

Magnitude

A

Intensity + Severity

eco/evo (4 decks)

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