unit 1 extras

Question 1

primary protein folding

Answer 1

sequence of amino acids in polypept chain (nucleotide sequence)

Question 2

secondary protein folding

Answer 2

folding + coiling into a-helix or b-pleated sheet

Question 3

tertiary protein folding

Answer 3

more folding from side chain interactions (h phobic vs philic, H bonds, ionic bonds, disulphide bridges

Question 4

protein folding quaternary

Answer 4

2+ chains of polypepts (like in collagen or hemoglobin)

Question 5

eight functions of proteins

Answer 5

structural
storage
transport
hormones
contractile
defensive
receptors
enzymatic

Question 6

ex of protein structural function

Answer 6

hair keratin

Question 7

ex of protein storage function

Answer 7

human milk

Question 8

ex of protein transport function

Answer 8

haemoglobin

Question 9

ex of protein hormones function

Answer 9

insulin

Question 10

ex of protein contractile function

Answer 10

muscles

Question 11

ex of protein defensive function

Answer 11

clothing

Question 12

ex of protein receptors function

Answer 12

taste buds

Question 13

ex of protein enzyme function

Answer 13

lactase

Question 14

peptide bond:

Answer 14

link of the carbonyl of an a.a to amino group of another (+ removing water)

Question 15

phospholipid bilayer is virtually

Answer 15

impermeable to charged ions, but allows passive diffusion or facilitated diffusion

Question 16

glycogen

Answer 16

stored excess glucose in body for future use in muscles/liver cells

Question 17

pectin

Answer 17

gelling agent: complex mix of polysaccharides

Question 18

cellulose

Answer 18

dietary fibre: chain of strong b-glucose

Question 19

starch

Answer 19

major and plant food resource: amylose + amylopectin

Question 20

chitin:

Answer 20

polymer of glucose w N and C2 + second most abundant natural compound

Question 21

gums:

Answer 21

hydrophilic, complex, 12 types used by humans

Question 22

lipids include

Answer 22

fats, steroids, phospholipids, waxes

Question 23

four main uses of lipids

Answer 23

storing Energy, cell Membrane building, Hormones, Insulation layers

Question 24

esterification:

Answer 24

hydroxyl of glycerol reacts w carbonyl of three fatty acids (TRIGLYCERIDE)

Question 25

ex of macromolecules

Answer 25

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids