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Clin Med B 2 > Trigger - Interstitial lung disease > Flashcards

Trigger - Interstitial lung disease Flashcards

1
Q

assocaited with accumulation of T lymphocytes, macrophages, and epitheloid cells

A

granulomatous lung disease (ILD)

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2
Q

Fatigue, weight loss, worsening dyspnea, non productive cough

A

symtpoms assocaited with ILD

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3
Q

cachexia, tachypnea, late inspiratory rales, rhonchi

A

ILD

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4
Q

holosystolic tricuspid regurgitation murmur

A

late ILD with pulmonary HTN

may also hear:
loud P2 component of 2nd heart sound
fixed spli S2

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5
Q

what is cor pulmonale

A

the term used to describe RV enlargement, dysfunction and subsequent failure

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6
Q

associated with excessive production and dysregulation of myofibroblasts

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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7
Q

MC onset 55 y/o, more male predominant

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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8
Q

Which ILDs present with obstructive PFT pattern

A
  • hypersensitivity
  • sarcoidosis
  • complicated diseases (ex. in presence of COPD)
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9
Q

HRCT shows traction bronchiectasis

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or sarcoidosis

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10
Q

biopsy shows alternating areas of healthy lung, interstitial inflammation, fibrosis, and honeycomb change

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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11
Q

nintedanib or pirfenidone are used in treatment for what

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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12
Q

what dx is associated with encouragement of patients to apply for clinical trials

A

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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13
Q

tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in IPF

A

nintedanib

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14
Q

anti-inflammatory/antifibrotic agent

A

pirfenidone

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15
Q

CI in liver disease

A

antifibrotics

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16
Q

may be exacerbated by the COVID mRNA vaccine

A

IPF

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17
Q

characterized by the presence of noncaseating granulomas in 2+ organ systems

A

sarcoidosis

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18
Q

MC in african american women and northern europeans

A

sarcoidosis

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19
Q

may see insidious onset of fever, fatigue, night sweats and weight loss

A

sarcoidosis

also dyspnea and cough for 2-4 weeks

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20
Q

presents with conjunctival lesions and scleral plaques

A

sarcoidosis!

also presents with anterior/posterior granulomatous

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21
Q

may lead to blindness if left untreated

A

sarcoidosis

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22
Q

insidious onset of blurred vision, slight photophobia and pain

A

anterior granulomatous uveitis

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23
Q

maculopaper lesions

A

sarcoidosis

also seen:
erythema nodosum
lupus pernio

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24
Q

erythema nodosum

A

sarcoidosis

also see:
lupus pernio
maculopaper lesions

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25
Q

lupus pernio

A

sarcoidosis

also see;
maculopaper lesions
erythema nodosum

26
Q

painless loss of visual field with scotomas and floaters

A

posterior granulomatous uveitis

27
Q

can present with hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria

A

sarcoidosis

28
Q

presents with elevated ESR

A

sarcoidosis

29
Q

can present with elevated ACE

A

sarcoidosis

30
Q

assocaited with suppressed PTH

A

sarcoidosis

Granulomas produce 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D which increases intestinal absorption of Ca - ultimately results in a suppressed PTH

31
Q

what are the things that pulmonary granulomas are known to secrete

A

1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D
ACE

32
Q

CXR with hilar adenopathy and/or infiltrates

A

sarcoidosis

33
Q

biopsy showing noncaseating granulomas

A

sarcoidosis

34
Q

increased lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage

A

sarcoidosis

35
Q

high CD4/CD8 ratio

A

sarcoidosis

36
Q

what pulmonary disease has cardiac involvement found in 5% of patients

A

sarcoidosis

37
Q

associated with CXR that shows macules usually 2-5 mm in diameter as well as small <1cm rounded opacities

A

coal workers pneumoconiosis (uncomplicated)

these macules are called coal macules!

38
Q

asymptomatic, minimal changes on PFT, small (<1 cm) rounded opacities on CXR

A

coal workers pneumoconiosis (uncomplicated)

39
Q

CXR showing nodules ≥1 cm in diameter generally confined to the upper half of the lungs

A

complicated coal workers pneumoconiosis

40
Q

endobronchial involvement in sarcoidosis would precipitate which PE finding?

A

wheezing!

41
Q

cough, SOB, pleuritic pain, weight loss, fatigue

A

acute silicosis (likely complicated)

42
Q

CXR shows small (<10mm) nodules scattered diffusely throughout lungs. more prominent in upper lobes

A

simple silicosis

43
Q

CXR shows bilateral upper lobe masses formed by coalescence of nodules

A

complicated silicosis

44
Q

increased risk of TB d/t alveolar macrophage dysfunction

A

silicosis

45
Q

CXR shows linear opacities, multinodular parenchymal opacities and pleural plaques

A

asbestosis

46
Q

visceral and parietal plerua are damaged while central portions of the lung are spared in this disease

A

asbestosis

47
Q

bronchoalveolar lavage showing small rods through macrophages even in patients who are asymptomatic

A

asbestosis! these rods are called “asbestos bodies”

48
Q

this disease in conjunction with smoking, increases risk of mesothelioma

A

asbestosis

49
Q

inflammatory pulmonary disease resulting from exposure to inhaled organic antigens leading to an acute illness

A

hypersensitivity pneumonitis

50
Q

presents as flu like illness (chills, fever, malaise, cough, chest tightness, dyspnea)

A

acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis

51
Q

onset within hours following exposure of irritant, gradual improvement 12 hours - several days after.

A

acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis

52
Q

CXR shows a poorly defined micronodular or diffuse interstitial pattern

A

acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis

53
Q

onset of productive cough, dyspnea, fatigue, anorexia, and weight loss over weeks to months

A

subacute/chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis

54
Q

CXR showing progressive fibrotic changes with loss of lung volume and coarse linear opacities

A

subacute/chronic hypersensitivity

55
Q

what is treated with steroids

A
  • hypersensitivity pneumonitis
  • sarcoidosis

all others are not indicated anymore!

56
Q

insidious onset of dyspnea, intractable dry cough, chest fullness or pain, weakness, and fever

A

radiation lung disease

57
Q

what three diseases can present with fever?

A

radiation lung disease
sarcoidosis
acute hypersensitivity

58
Q

In what disorders are air bronchograms observed in CXR

A

radiation lung injury

59
Q

CXR shows obliteration of normal lung markings with dense interstitial and pleural fibrosis.

A

pulmonary radiation fibrosis

may also see:
reduced lung volumes
tenting of the diaphragm
sharp delineation of irradiated area

60
Q

CXR showing reduced lung volumes, tenting of the diaphragm and sharp delineation of one area of the lung

A

pulmonary radiation fibrosis

may also see:
obliteration of normal lung markings with dense interstitial and pleural fibrosis.

Clin Med B 2 (44 decks)

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