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Biology Y7/8 > Y7 Diet And The Digestive System > Flashcards

Y7 Diet And The Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is a food group?

A

The category of food required for certain body processes

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2
Q

Describe a balanced diet

A

The intake of food that provides the correct nutrients in the correct proportions

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3
Q

What body processes require protein?

A

Growth and repair of the muscles and tissues

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4
Q

What is the function of fats?

A

A body tissue that acts as a long term energy store

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5
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

The energy stored in bonds between atoms which becomes available when atoms are rearranged in a chemical reaction

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6
Q

What is the digestive system?

A

A group of organs that together enable the digestion of food

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7
Q

What is the circulatory system?

A

The network of blood vessels connecting your heart and the rest of the body to transport essential substances around the body through the blood

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8
Q

What is chemical digestion?

A

The breakdown of food by enzymes in the digestive system

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9
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A biological catalyst which speeds up a chemical process in a living organism

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10
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

A substance that accelerates a chemical reaction

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11
Q

What is amylase?

A

An enzyme that digests starch

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12
Q

What is the test for lipids in food?

A

Emulsion (equal volumes of ethanol and water and shaking the mixture)

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13
Q

What difference would there be in a positive result to a negative result of emulsion?

A

A positive result would be a cloudy white emulsion
A negative result would be no emulsion shown

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14
Q

What is the test for proteins in foods?

A

Biurets
2ml of sodium hydroxide and 5 to 6 drops of copper sulfate solution to it and shaking it

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15
Q

What would a positive and negative result of the biurets test look like?

A

A violet colour indicates the presence of protein
A negative result would still look like a blue mixture

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16
Q

What is the test for starch in foods?

A

Iodine

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17
Q

What would a positive result and a negative result of the iodine test look like?

A

A positive result would be a black-dark blue mixture
A negative result would be a yellow liquid, the colour of iodine

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18
Q

What is the test for glucose in foods?

A

Benedict‘s Solution

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19
Q

What would a positive result and negative result of a glucose test look like?

A

A positive result is a red liquid
A negative result is a light blue liquid

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20
Q

What is rickets?

A

A deficiency disease caused by a lack of Vitamin D
Causes muscles and bones to be soft, leading to permanent deformities in children

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21
Q

Why is Vitamin D needed?

A

Helps absorb calcium into bones to strengthen them and allow them to grow

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22
Q

What is anaemia?

A

A deficiency disease caused by a lack of Iron
It develops when the bloodstream does not contain enough healthy red blood cells
Causes tiredness and shortness of breath

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23
Q

Why is iron needed in the body?

A

Helps create the haemoglobin in the red blood cells
Helps growth and development

24
Q

What is scurvy?

A

A deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin C
Causes aching limbs and bleeding/swollen gums

25
Q

Why do we need Vitamin C?

A

It forms blood vessels, cartilage, muscles and collagen, and helps the body’s healing process

26
Q

Why do we need to digest food?

A

Food comes in large molecules so they need to be broken down into smaller molecules so that it gets absorbed into the bloodstream and carried around your body as an energy source

27
Q

Choose the correct words in the brackets
The walls of the small intestine must be thin/thick and have a rich/poor blood supply

A

The walls of the small intestine must be THIN and have a RICH blood supply

28
Q

What is physical digestion?

A

The mechanical breakdown of food

29
Q

Why is physical digestion important?

A

It breaks food down into smaller pieces, making food easier to swallow
It makes it easier for chemicals to digest the food if it is already in smaller pieces, allowing enzymes to act more efficiency on the food

30
Q

What is the molar’s function?

A

To mash food so it can be swallowed

31
Q

What is the pre-molar’s function?

A

To crush and grind food into smaller pieces before the molars

32
Q

What is the incisor’s function?

A

To bite off and cut food

33
Q

What is the canine’s function?

A

To rip and tear food

34
Q

How does saliva help digest food?

A

The liquid softens the food
It contains special chemicals that start to digest food

35
Q

What is the oesophagus and its role in digestion?

A

This tube carries the food from mouth to stomach

36
Q

What is the stomach and its role in digestion?

A

This is a bag of muscle
It breaks down food mechanically.
It adds acid to the food, which helps enzymes to break down the food chemically

37
Q

What is the small intestine and its role in digestion?

A

The small intestine carries out most of the digestive process, absorbing almost all of the nutrients you get from foods into your bloodstream.

38
Q

What is the liver and its role in digestion?

A

All the blood leaving the stomach and intestines passes through the liver.
The liver processes this blood and breaks it down, balances it, and creates the nutrients

39
Q

What is the large intestine and its role in digestion?

A

The purpose of the large intestine is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and get rid of any waste products left over

40
Q

What is the anus and its role in digestion?

A

Takes the undigested food held in the rectum before passing out of the body through here

41
Q

What is amylase?

A

An enzyme that breaks down starch molecules
It breaks down the larger starch molecule into smaller glucose molecules
It is released in the stomach and small intestine

42
Q

What is protease?

A

An enzyme that break down protein molecules
It breaks down the large protein molecule into smaller amino acids
It is released in the saliva and small intestine

43
Q

What is the definition of probiotic?

A

A substance which stimulates the growth of healthy bacteria

44
Q

What is the definition of antibiotic?

A

A substance which stimulates the removal of bad bacteria

45
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Scurvy is caused by a lack of Vitamin C

A

TRUE

46
Q

TRUE or FALSE?
A negative result for the iodine test is a yellow liquid

A

TRUE

47
Q

TRUE or FALSE?
Iodine is the food test for glucose?

A

FALSE - Iodine is the food test for starch

48
Q

TRUE or FALSE?
Biurets is the food test for protein

A

TRUE

49
Q

TRUE or FALSE?
A positive result for the glucose test is a red liquid?

A

TRUE

50
Q

TRUE or FALSE?
Amylase breaks down protein molecules

A

FALSE - Amylase breaks down starch molecules

51
Q

Which word matches this definition?

All the blood leaving the stomach and intestines passes through the …… .
The ……. processes this blood and breaks it down, balances it, and creates the nutrients

A

Liver

52
Q

Which word matches this definition?

A deficiency disease caused by a lack of Vitamin D

A

Rickets

53
Q

Which word matches this definition?

The purpose of the …. is to absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and get rid of any waste products left over

A

Large intestine

54
Q

Which word matches this definition?

The breakdown of food by enzymes in the digestive system

A

Chemical digestion

55
Q

Which word matches this definition?

The …….. carries out most of the digestive process, absorbing almost all of the nutrients you get from foods into your bloodstream.

A

Small intestine

Biology Y7/8 (8 decks)

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