Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

musculoskeletal > Vasculitis > Flashcards

Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

what is vasculitis

A

inflammation of the blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cause of primary vasculitis

A

an inflammatory response that targets the vessel walls and has no known cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cause of secondary vasculitis

A

may be triggered by an infection, a drug, or a toxin and may occur as part of another inflammatory disorder or cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

give an example of a large vessel vasculitis

A

giant cell arteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitis

A

polyangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

name 2 medium-vessel vasculitis

A

polyarteritis nodosa
kawasaki disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

who usually gets takayasu arteritis

A

<40, females, asian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

early features of takayasu arteritis

A

low grade fever, malaise, night sweats, weight loss, arthralgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

late symptom of takayasu arteritis

A

claudication of upper and lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a complication of untreated takayasu arteritis

A

vascular stenosis and aneurysms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bloods in takayasu arteritis

A

raised inflammatory markers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

imaging for takayasu arteritis

A

CT angiogram shows thickened vessel walls and stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the most common cause of vasculitis in adults

A

giant cell arteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

who usually presents with giant cell arteritis

A

> 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does giant cell arteritis have a strong association with

A

polymyalgia rheumatica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

clinical presentation of giant cell arteritis

A

unilateral acute temporal headache
jaw claudication
visual disturbances/loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

clinical sign of giant cell arteritis

A

tender enlarged non-pulsatile temporal arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bloods in giant cell arteritis

A

raised inflammatory markers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

first line investigation for giant cell arteritis

A

temporal artery USS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

gold standard investigation for giant cell arteritis

A

temporal artery biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

management of giant cell arteritis

A

prednisolone 40-60mg daily

22
Q

what is polyarteritis nodosa

A

medium vessel arteritis

23
Q

what can cause secondary polyarteritis nodosa

A

hep B + C

24
Q

what system is most commonly involved in polyarteritis nodosa and how does it present

A

renal
hypertension, function impairment

25
Q

name some other symptoms of polyarteritis nodosa

A

purpura, ulcers
muscle pain
mononeuritis
abdo pain, diarrhoea

26
Q

investigations for polyarteritis nodosa

A

tissue biopsy + angiogram

27
Q

management of organ threatening polyarteritis nodosa

A

steroids + cyclophosphamide

28
Q

management of non-organ threatening polyarteritis nodosa

A

steroids + azathioprine/methotrexate

29
Q

what would be an example of a sign that polyarteritis nodosa is organ threatening

A

renal failure

30
Q

what is granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

granulomatous inflammation affecting small and medium sized vessels

31
Q

who usually presents with granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

35-55, slightly more men

32
Q

key features of granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

nasal symptoms
respiratory symptoms
glomerulonephritis

33
Q

autoantibody in granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

c-ANCA

34
Q

what is microscopic polyangiitis

A

necrotising vasculitis of small vessels with few immune deposits

35
Q

clinical presentation of miscroscopic polyangiitis

A

necrotising glomerulonephritis

36
Q

which vasculitis are positive for pANCA

A

EGPA and MPA

37
Q

bloods of ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitis

A

ESR, PV and CRP raised
anaemia common

38
Q

what is required to make a definitive diagnosis of ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitis

A

biopsy

39
Q

management of ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitis

A

steroids + methotrexate

40
Q

what is Henoch-Schonlein purpura

A

IgA vasculitis

41
Q

who usually presents with Henoch-Schonlein purpura

A

children 2-11

42
Q

what is common for setting off Henoch-Schonlein purpura

A

preceding infection/ immunisation

43
Q

clinical presentation of HSP

A

purpuric rash over bum and lower legs
joint pain
abdo pain
renal involvement

44
Q

how do we monitor Henoch-Schonlein purpura

A

urine dipstick for renal involvement
blood pressure for hypertension

45
Q

management of Henoch-Schonlein purpura

A

self-limiting

46
Q

who does polymyalgia rheumatica occur in

A

> 50

47
Q

what is polymyalgia rheumatica associated with

A

giant cell arteritis

48
Q

clinical presentation of polymyalgia rheumatica

A

proximal myalgia of hip and shoulders with morning stiffness >45 mins
usually symmetrical
pain worse with movement

49
Q

clinical signs of polymyalgia rheumatica

A

reduced movement of shoulders, neck and hips
normal muscle strength
upper arm tenderness
carpel tunnel

50
Q

management of polymyalgia rheumatica

A

prednisolone 15mg daily
gradual reduction over 18 months

musculoskeletal (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions