4.1.1- Basic Concepts Of Organic Chemistry

Question 1

hydrocarbon

Answer 1

a compound containing carbon and hydrogen only

Question 2

saturated

Answer 2

single bonds only

Question 3

unsaturated

Answer 3

Contains carbon-carbon multiple bonds

Question 4

homologous series

Answer 4

A family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive members differ by the addition of a -CH2 group

Question 5

functional group

Answer 5

a group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound

Question 6

Aliphatic

Answer 6

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in unbranched chains, branched chains, or non-aromatic rings

Question 7

Alicyclic

Answer 7

An aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings, with or without branches

Question 8

Aromatic

Answer 8

Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring

Question 9

Alkynes

Answer 9

A hydrocarbon containing at least one triple carbon-carbon bond with the general formula CnH2n+1

Question 10

isomer

Answer 10

Molecules with the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms within the molecule, giving it a different structural formula

Question 11

molecular formula

Answer 11

Shows the number and type of atoms of each element present in a molecule

Question 12

molecular formula example

Answer 12

C2H6O

Question 13

empirical formula

Answer 13

Simplest whole number ratio of the atoms present in a compound

Question 14

General formula

Answer 14

Simplest algebraic formula for any member of a homologous series

Question 15

Displayed formula

Answer 15

Shows the relative positioning of all of the atoms in a molecule and the bonds between them

Question 16

structural formula

Answer 16

Shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule

Question 17

structural formula example

Answer 17

CH3CH2CH2CH3

Question 18

skeletal formula

Answer 18

remove all the carbon and hydrogen labels and remove any bonds to hydrogen atoms

Question 19

homolytic fission

Answer 19

each bonded atom receives one electron from the bonding pair, forming two radicals

Question 20

heterolytic fission

Answer 20

one bonded atom takes both of the electrons from the bond

Question 21

radical

Answer 21

a species with an unpaired electron

Question 22

curly arrows

Answer 22

used to show the movement of electron pairs when bonds are broken or made

Question 23

addition reaction

Answer 23

two reactants join to form one product

Question 24

substitution reaction

Answer 24

atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms

Question 25

elimination reaction

Answer 25

removal of a small molecule from a larger one