Lec 2

Question 1

other name for pituitary

Answer 1

hypophysis

Question 2

name for posterior pit gland

Answer 2

neurohypophysis

Question 3

what hormones does neurohypophysis release

Answer 3

ADH and oxytocin

Question 4

what are the neurons in ant hypothalamus called

Answer 4

magnocellular neurons

Question 5

where do magnocellular neurons travel to

Answer 5

supraoptic-hypothalamic tract
down to post pituitary

Question 6

in the hypothalamus, what do magnocellular neurons make uP

Answer 6

the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

Question 7

what is released from the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

Answer 7

oxytocin and vasopressin
form hypothal to ppg

Question 8

process of TSH being released from APG

Answer 8

environmental influence -> hypothal releases thyrotopin releasing hormone (TRH) –> APG releases TSH

Tropic = acts on thyroid gland = thryoid hromones

Non tropic = increases metabolism
inc heat production

Question 9

how does hypothal communicate w APG

Answer 9

hypothalamic-portal blood system
NOT direct nervous connection unlike PPG

Question 10

name of neurons that lead to APG

Answer 10

parvocellular

Question 11

in hypothal, what do the parvocellular neurons make up

Answer 11

hypothalamic-hypophyseotrophic nuclei

Question 12

what do the parvocellular neurons release

Answer 12

releasing hormones
which are released in median eminence
carried to APG

Question 13

where is the hypothalamic portal blood system

Answer 13

made up of two capillary beds, one in the median eminence and the other in the anterior pituitary.

Question 14

benefit of the portal blood system

Answer 14

not lots of hormone needed
cuz isnt diluted by blood

Question 15

precursors to oxytocin and ADH

Answer 15

neurophysins
(synthesised as preprohormones)
then get packaged in secretory granules in SON and PVN

Question 16

what are herring bodies

Answer 16

where oxytocin and ADH are stored in secretory granules in axonal termina;

Question 17

orexins other name

Answer 17

hypocretins

Question 18

what type of hormone is orexin

Answer 18

neuropeptide hormone

Question 19

where is orexin released from

Answer 19

lateral and posterior hypothalamus

Question 20

orexin function

Answer 20

• wakefulness, eating

Question 21

how to experimentally test that chemicals from hypothal are stimulating pit gland

Answer 21

• put APG cells in soln
• ACTH released from these
  but will run out
• add fresh hypothalamic tissue
• APG cells will start releasing ACTH again

Question 22

where are corticotropic cells

Answer 22

in APG

Question 23

corticotropic cells function

Answer 23

releases adrenocorticotropic hromone (ACTH) which
stimulate adrenal cortex

Question 24

what does adrenal cortex release

Answer 24

glucocorticocoids

Question 25

how is the ACTH system regulated

Answer 25

glucocorticoids neg inhib corticotopes

Question 26

what connects hypothal and pit

Answer 26

infundibular stalk

Question 27

experiment on dog when infundibular stalk seperated: results

Answer 27

• weight gain
• dystrophia adiposo-genitalis
• genital and mammary atrophy
• APG atrophy

(these things can be seen in humans if the stalk is compressed by a tumour for exmaple