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Chemistry and materials > intro to materials science and processing > Flashcards

intro to materials science and processing Flashcards

1
Q

what is materials science?

A
  • the study of the properties of solid materials and how they are determined by a materials composition and structure
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2
Q

what are the two types of properties

A
  • chemical
    physical
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3
Q

what are some examples of chemical proeprties?

A
  • corrosion resistance
    reactivity
    surface energy
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4
Q

what are some examples of physical properties

A
  • elasticity
  • hardness
  • stiffness
  • toughness
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5
Q

what are the four different classes of materials?

A
  • metals
  • polymers
  • ceramics
  • composites
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6
Q

what are the names of some polymers?

A
  • kevlar
    -thermoplastics
  • polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
  • teflon
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7
Q

what are the names of some ceramics?

A
  • clay
  • silica glass
    alumina
    quartz
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8
Q

what are the names of some composites?

A
  • wood
  • carbon fibre resins
  • concrete
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9
Q

what are the names of some metals?

A
  • titanium
  • aluminium
  • copper
  • nickel
  • steel
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10
Q

what are some properties of metals?

A
  • hard
  • shiny
  • malleable
  • fusible
  • ductile
  • good electrical and thermal conductivity
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11
Q

what are some desirable chem eng properties of metals?

A
  • tough (high fracture toughness)
  • stiff (high elastic modulus)
  • ductile
  • wide range of strengths dependant on composition and processing
  • low corrosion resistance, so reactive
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12
Q

define fracture toughness

A
  • a quantitative expression of a materials resistance to cracking
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13
Q

define elastic modulus

A
  • the ratio of the force exerted upon a substance or body to the resultant deformation
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14
Q

what is a polymer?

A
  • a substance or material consisting of large molecules or macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits
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15
Q

what are the typical properties of a polymer?

A
  • light (low density)
  • easily shaped
  • lack stiffness (low E)
  • highly sensitive to pressure
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16
Q

what is a ceramic?

A
  • a material that is neither metallic nor organic.
  • it may be crystalline, glassy, or both
17
Q

typical properties of ceramics

A
  • hgih stiffness
    hard
    abrasion resistant
    good high temp strength
    good corrosion resistance
    brittle (low fracture toughness)
18
Q

what is a composite

A
  • a material made from two or more constituent materials, with significantly different physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce material with characteristics different from the individual components
19
Q

typical properties of composites

A
  • expensive
  • difficult too shape and join
  • properties dependent on the combination of materials
20
Q
A

Chemistry and materials (3 decks)

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