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Drafts > Raadiolo > Flashcards

Raadiolo Flashcards

1
Q

Def of MRI

A
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2
Q

Principle of MRI

A
  • Works by magnetism (very high magnetic field).
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3
Q

what is Tesla?

A

Tesla (The unite of magnetic flux density)

  • It represents the strength of a magnetic field.
    1 Tesla = 20 thousand times earth’s magnetic field
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4
Q

Types of MRI machine

A
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5
Q

Magnetic field strength in MRI

A
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6
Q

CI of MRI

A

Contraindicated in patients with:
- Metallic prosthesis.
- Aneurysm clips.
- Cardiac pacemakers.
- Cochlear implants.
- Metallic foreign bodies in the orbits.

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7
Q

what are New implants (As pacemaker, Aneurysm clips, etc…) now made from?

A
  • MRI compatible alloys possess no magnetic properties.
  • So the patient can be safely introduced in the machine.
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8
Q

Advantages of MRI

A
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9
Q

Disadvantages of MRI

A
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10
Q

Clinical applications in MRI

A
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11
Q

Basic sequences in MRI

A

They are 3:
- T1 weighted (+Contrast).
- T2 weighted.
- Proton weighted.

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12
Q

what are other sequences in MRI?

A
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13
Q

Characters of basic sequences in MRI

A
  • Very high resolution.
  • Sometimes very slow (generally slower than CT), One sequence may take 2 minutes on the best machine.
  • So not suitable for dynamic contrast exams because they take too long time.

To overcome this problem, we use gradient sequence

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14
Q

Acc to the mobility the amount of H+ in the tissue

(MRI)

A
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15
Q

How is fat Good & Bad in MRI? and How is thsi problem overcomed?

A
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16
Q

Def of Inversion Recovery Sequences

A
  • Sequences used to null the signal from certain tissues.
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17
Q

what do Inversion Recovery Sequences include?

A

FLAIR: Used to null fluid (like T2 but with hypointense fluid).

STIR: Used to null Fat.

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18
Q

Characters of Gradient Echo

A
  • Can be T1 or T2 weighted.
  • Very fast
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19
Q

Uses of Gradient Echo

A
  • Can be used in dynamic examinations.
  • For example Dynamic liver exam → similar to Triphasic CT.
20
Q

Importance of Heavy T2-Weighted Images

A
21
Q

Examples of Heavy T2-Weighted Images

A

MRCP

22
Q

What is Diffusion Weighted Imaging based on?

A
  • based on: Measurement of the Random motion of water molecules in the inter cellular space “extracellular fluid” (Brownian movement).
23
Q

Types of water motion

A

Directed motion
- Motion in certain direction as blood in blood vessel.

Random motion
- Motion in any direction as in extra & intra cellular fluid.

24
Q

Findings in Diffusion Weighted Imaging

A
25
Q

Principle of advanced-MRS Spectroscopy

A
26
Q

Def of Advanced MRI Perfusion

A
27
Q

Example of Advanced MRI Perfusion

A

Blood Flow Map

28
Q

summary of radiology

A
29
Q

Summary of x-ray

A
30
Q

summary of US

A
31
Q

Principle of CT

A
32
Q

Summary of MRI

A
33
Q

Compare between X-Ray, US, CT & MRI in terms of:

  • Advantages
  • Disadvantages
  • Uses
A
34
Q

what are radiology subspecialities?

A
  1. Emergency Radiology.
  2. Cardiovascular Radiology.
  3. Head & Neck Radiology.
  4. Breast Imaging.
  5. Chest imaging.
  6. Neuroradiology.
  7. Interventional Radiology.
  8. Pediatric Radiology.
  9. Musculoskeletal Radiology.
  10. Nuclear Radiology.
35
Q

Def of Triphasic CT

A
36
Q

If youneed to examine ….., then use …….

A
37
Q

Case scenario

70-years old female falling on outstretched hands, coming to the ER by pain, swelling & deformity of the right wrist joint.

A
38
Q

Case scenario

65-years old male developed Sudden deterioration & altered conscious state.

A
39
Q

Case scenario

75-years old male suffers from left temporal seizures.

A
40
Q

Case scenario

35-years old female with neck swelling & normal thyroid profile

A
41
Q

Case scenario

50-years old male suffer from fever & dry cough 4 days ago.

A
42
Q

Case scenario

39-years old female suffers right hypochondrial pain & fever.

A
43
Q

Case Scenario

40-years old male with severe pain, abdominal distension & vomiting

A
44
Q

Case scenario

55-years old male with abdominal pain, jaundice, & abnormal liver function.

A
45
Q

Case scenario

40-years old male with right flank pain.

A
46
Q

Case scenario

20-years old foot player with twist injury.

A

Drafts (10 decks)

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