Module 2 Part 1 Flashcards
define euchtomatic sequence
genomes that are easy to transcribe
what is the human genome project
international endeavour that resulted in the sequencing of the human genome to 99.99% accuracy
how long did the human genome project take
1990- april 2003
cost of genome project then vs now
$100 mil to $1000 USD
what type of sequencing did the human genome start with
sanger sequencing!
what type of technology performs DNA sequencing
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
why is DNA called DEOXYribonucleic acid?
DNA lacks the -OH group on C2
where is the phosphodiester bond located
between C5 of the 5’ nucleotide and C3 of the 3’ nucleotide- mediated by DNA polymerase
what do dideoxynucleotides lack?
ddNTPs lack the -OH group on C2 and C3
what does removing the OH group do?
it means no phosphodiester bond which means elongation stops
other names for sanger sequencing
-chain termination
-dideoxy sequencing method
key steps of sanger sequencing
- primer made to known sequence
- shear template into smaller fragments
- sequence reaction using low concentration of ddNTPs
- newly synthesized DNA terminated by the random incorporation of ddNTPs
- DNA separated by size using gel electropheresis
(small fragments first)
how many genes at once in sanger sequencing?
one
describe whole genome sequencing process
notes**
describe targeted panel sequencing
- 40 to 400 genes
- high coverage
- search bias
