Fundamentals of COMPETITIVE INTERACTION

Question 1

is most commonly characterized as the interaction of individuals competing for a
limited supply of a common resource.

Answer 1

Competition

Question 2

is any substance which can
lead to increased population growth rates
as its availability in the environment is
increased, and which is consumed by an
organism.

Answer 2

Resource

Question 3

A __________ contributes positively to
the growth rate of the consumer
population;

Answer 3

resource

Question 4

a _____________ is consumed (and is
thus made unavailable to other
individuals or species).

Answer 4

resource

Question 5

occurs when one species restricts another
species’ access to a limiting resource.

Answer 5

Interference Competition

Question 6

A competition may involve overt
aggression between individuals (e.g., territorial
defense), or it may simply involve occupying a
space to the exclusion of another individual.

Answer 6

Interference Competition

Question 7

are an effective form of
interference competition that occurs between
species of animals

Answer 7

Aggressive Interaction

Question 8

occurs when organisms use chemicals to
interfere with their competitors

Answer 8

Allelopathy

Question 9

They release chemical compounds
(allelochemicals) from their roots into the soil which
suppress or even kill the neighboring plants when they are
absorbed by the plants.

Answer 9

Allelopathic plants

Question 10

Chemical compounds that were being release by allelopathic plants

Answer 10

Allelochemicals

Question 11

Some allelochemicals change the
amount of __________________ in a plant and thus, they
slow down or stop the photosynthesis process of that plant
which ultimately leads to the suppression or death of that
plant.

Answer 11

chlorophyll production

Question 12

In what forms or states does the allelopathic plants releases the allelochemicals?

Answer 12

Gaseous forms

Question 13

This can be used as natural herbicides or
pesticides.

Answer 13

Allelochemicals

Question 14

INTERFERENCE COMPETITION:
ALLELOPATHY

Example:

Black Walnut (juglans nigra) producing
___________ – an aromatic organic compound that
inhibits certain enzymes in other plants.

Answer 14

juglone

Question 15

This competition occurs when individuals interact indirectly as they compete for common
resources, like territory, prey or food. Simply put, the use of the resource by one individual will
decrease the amount available for other individuals.

Answer 15

Exploitation competition / Exploitative competition

Question 16

This form of competition typically rewards those organisms
who claim the resource first.

Answer 16

Exploitative competition

Question 17

This form of competition occurs when
two individuals that do not directly
compete for resources affect each
other indirectly by being prey for
the same predator

Answer 17

Apparent competition

Question 18

6 Mechanisms of Competition

Answer 18

1. Consumption
2. Pre-emption
3. Overgrowth
4. Chemical Interaction
5. Territoriality
6. Encounter Competition

Question 19

Form of competition that happens when one species inhibits another by consuming a shared resource.

Answer 19

Consumptive Competition

Question 20

occurs primarily among sessile
organisms, and results when a physical
resource, such as open space required for
settlement, is occupied by one organism
and made unavailable to others

Answer 20

Pre-emptive Competition

Question 21

Occurs when individuals of one species
grow over individuals of other species,
inhibiting access to a resource

Answer 21

Overgrowth Competition

Question 22

amounts to chemical
warfare between competitors, where
chemical growth inhibitors or toxins
produced by some species inhibit or kill
other species.

Answer 22

Chemical Competition

Question 23

results from the
aggressive behavioral exclusion of
organisms from specific units of space that
are defended as territories.

Answer 23

Territorial competition

Question 24

results when non - territorial
encounters between foraging
individuals result in negative effects
on one or both of the interacting
individuals

Answer 24

Encounter Competition