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RADT 250 - Equipment Operation II > Magnetism, Electrodynamics > Flashcards

Magnetism, Electrodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

where are some magnets located in the x-ray room?

A

detents and stators for the induction moter

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2
Q

what is the polarity of magnetic material

A

the direction of the spin south to north

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3
Q

what does MRI measure against?

A

the hydrogen spin state

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4
Q

inside a magnet exists

A

magnetic force

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5
Q

outside of a magnet exists

A

a magnetic field

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6
Q

magnetism is the ability of a material to attract:

A

iron, cobalt, nickel

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7
Q

name some natural magnets

A

Earth, lode stone

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8
Q

name some artificial magnets and materials

A

hard steel, alnico. bar magnet, horseshoe magnet

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9
Q

temporary magnets produced by the means of electrical current

A

electromagnets

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10
Q

how can materials be magnetized?

A

heating and striking steel near magnet, hitting iron with a magnet

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11
Q

how can magnets be demagnetized?

A

hitting it, heating it, alternating current

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12
Q

magnetic moment

A

magnetic material has 2 or more electrons spinning in one direction, causing charges to line up

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13
Q

domain

A

polarity within a magnet or the direction of the spin

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14
Q

when magnetic materials are magnetized, how do poles line up?

A

dipoles (south and north) line up in one direction

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15
Q

when magnetic materials are non-magnetized, charges do what

A

charges spin randomly, cannot attract cobalt and nickel

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16
Q

the alignment of magnetic force within and around a magnet

A

lines of force

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17
Q

internal lines of force

A

magnetic force (south to north)

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18
Q

external lines of force

A

magnetic field (leaves north end of internal magnet, loops around to south end and back in)

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19
Q

transferring magnetism to a non magnetized object

A

magnetic induction

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20
Q

when a non-magnetized object is introduced to a magnet, what is its polarity?

A

non-magnetized object assumes the opposite polarity of the magnet introduced

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21
Q

the ability of a material to become magnetized

A

permeability

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22
Q

materials with high permeability

A

iron fillings

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23
Q

material with low permeability

A

steel

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24
Q

ability of a material to retain its magnetism

A

retentivity

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25
Q

what material has high retentivity

A

steel

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26
Q

what material has low retentivity

A

soft iron

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27
Q

magnetic saturation

A

a point in which a material cannot become any more magnetized

28
Q

ferromagnetic classification of matter

A

strongly attracted by a magnet (iron, cobalt, nickel)

29
Q

paramagnetic classification of matter

A

weakly attracted by a magnet, low permeability (platinum)

30
Q

non-magnetic classification of matter

A

not attracted to a magnet (wood, paper, plastics)

31
Q

diamagnetic classifications of matter

A

repelled by a magnet (beryllium and bismuth)

32
Q

magnetic field surrounding the earth

A

6 x 10^-6 Tesla

33
Q

magnetic field of MRI in Tesla

A

2-4 Tesla used in MRI

34
Q

Resistance is measured in

A

Ohms

35
Q

Current is measured in

A

Amps

36
Q

Power is measured in

A

Watts

37
Q

Potential difference is measured in

A

Volts

38
Q

meaning of V = I x R

A

Ohm’s Law, 1 volt is equal to 1 amp of current flowing with 1 ohm of resistance

39
Q

where can current flow?

A

in a vacuum, gas, ionic solution, and metallic conductor

40
Q

what does current measure

A

the amount of electrons passing by 1 point

41
Q

difference between electric charges

A

potential difference (volt)

42
Q

electrical charge flowing per second

A

current (amp)

43
Q

hinders or opposes the flow of current

A

resistance (ohm)

44
Q

EMF stands for

A

electromotive force

45
Q

what is the maximum difference in potential between electrodes

A

EMF or electromotive force

46
Q

measure of how freely electrons can move through material

A

conductance

47
Q

conductance is the opposite of

A

resistance

48
Q

conductance is measured in

A

siemens

49
Q

EMF is measured in

A

volts

50
Q

what is the only direction current flows?

A

from excess to deficiency

51
Q

formula for Power

A

P = V x I

52
Q

formula for Power Loss

A

PL = I^2 x R

53
Q

potential difference which will maintain a current of one ampere in a circuit of one ohm of resistance

A

volt

54
Q

amount of electrical charge flowing per second unit

A

ampere

55
Q

measurement of an ampere in coulomb

A

6.25 x 10^18 free electrons per second

56
Q

resistance of a standard volume of mercury under standards conditions unit

A

ohm

57
Q

reciprocal of resistance measured in siemens

A

conductance

58
Q

what does resistance depend on?

A

material coefficient, length, cross-sectional area, temperature

59
Q

if material coefficient increases, what happens to resistance?

A

increases

60
Q

if the length of a conductor increases, what happens to resistance

A

it increases

61
Q

if the temperature of a conductor increases, what happens to resistance

A

friction increases, so resistance increases

62
Q

if the cross sectional area increases, what happens to resistance

A

resistance decreases (think bigger cable, less resistance)

63
Q

what meter measures potential difference?

A

voltmeter

64
Q

what meter measures current?

A

ammeter

65
Q

what does a galvanometer measure?

A

either measures voltage or amperage depending on how it is placed in a circuit

66
Q
A

RADT 250 - Equipment Operation II (9 decks)

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