muscles of shoulder+ arm & abdomen and back

Question 1

supraspinatus

Answer 1

Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: abduction of arm of shoulder
Innervation: suprascapular nerve

Question 2

infraspinatus

Answer 2

Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: external (lateral) rotation of arm at shoulder
Innervation: suprascapular nerve

Question 3

teres minor

Answer 3

Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: external (lateral) rotation of arm at shoulder
Innervation: axillary nerve

Question 4

subscapularis

Answer 4

Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action:
1. medial (internal) rotation of arm at shoulder
2. adduct arm at shoulder
Innervation: subscapular nerves

Question 5

deltoid

Answer 5

Origin: lateral clavicle, acromion, spina of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action:
1. abduction of arm at shoulder
2. medial and lateral rotation
3. flexion and extension
Innervation: axillary nerve

Question 6

coracobrachialis

Answer 6

Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: medial shaft of humerus
Action:
1. adduction of arm at shoulder
2. flexion of arm at shoulder
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 7

what is not true about the deltoid
a) it abducts the arm
b) it adducts the arm
c) it flexes and medially rotates
d) it extends and laterally rotates

Answer 7

B)

Question 8

muscles of the rotator cuff

Answer 8

• supraspinatus
• infraspinatus
• teres minor
• subscapularis

Question 9

muscles- non rotator cuff

Answer 9

• deltoid
• coracobrachialis
• pectoralis major
• latissimus dorsi
• teres major

Question 10

biceps brachii

Answer 10

Origin:
- long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- short head: coracoid process
Insertion: radial tuberosity
Action:
1. flexes arms and forearm at elbow
2. abducts and medially rotates arm
3. supination
Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Question 11

brachialis

Answer 11

Origin: anterior humerus
Insertion: ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process
Action:
1. flexes forearm at elbow
Innervation: musculocutaneous and radial nerve

Question 12

brachioradialis

Answer 12

Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge (proximal 2/3)
Insertion: styloid process of radius
Action: flexes forearm at elbow joint
Innervation: radial nerve

Question 13

triceps brachii

Answer 13

Origin:
- long head: scapula
- lateral head: humerus
- medial head: humerus
Insertion: olecranon of ulna
Action:
1. extends and adducts arm
2. extends forearm
Innervation: radial nerve

Question 14

muscles that move the arm/forearm

Answer 14

• biceps brachii
• brachialis
• brachioradialis
• triceps brachii
• pronators
• supinator

Question 15

external oblique location

Answer 15

• outermost abdominal muscle
• situated on the lateral and anterior aspect of the abdominal wall

Question 16

external oblique

Answer 16

Origin: ribs 5-12
Insertion: linea alba, iliac crest, pubic crest
Action:
- bilateral: contraction; flexion of the vertebral column; abdominal compression
- unilateral: contraction: lateral flexion; trunk rotation

Question 17

abdominal compression

Answer 17

contributes to forceful expiration, defecation, support for abdominal viscera & stabilizing pelvis

Question 18

internal oblique

Answer 18

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia*, iliac crest
Insertion: linea alba, pubis, inferior ribs & costal cartilage
Action: same as external oblique except: rotation to ipsilateral (same side)

Question 19

thoracolumbar fascia

Answer 19

• multilayer arrangement of fascia
• sheet of connective tissue in the lumbar region
  aka: lumbodorsal fascia

Question 20

rectus abdominis

Answer 20

Origin: pubic symphysis
Insertion: xiphoid process, costal cartilage of ribs 5-7
Action: flexion of the trunk, abdominal compression

Question 21

about the rectus abdominis (abs)

Answer 21

• strap-like muscle that extends the length of the anterior abdominal wall
  -separated on either side by the linea alba

Question 22

tendinous intersections

Answer 22

• transverse, fibrous bands that partially separate the muscle fibers of the rectus abdominis into segments

Question 23

transversus abdominis

Answer 23

Origin: costal cartilage of interior ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: linea alba, pubis
Action: abdominal compression

Question 24

rectus sheath

Answer 24

formed by the aponeuroses of:
- external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis
aponeurosis- sheet like tendon by which muscles connect to bone or fascia
- encloses the rectus abdominis

Question 25

muscles of the back

Answer 25

• trapezius
• latissimus dorsi
• levator scapulae
• teres major
• rhomboids (major + minor)
• erector spinae muscles

Question 26

trapezius

Answer 26

Origin: occipital bone of the skull, spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: scapula (acromion and scapular spine); lateral aspect of clavicle

Question 27

sections of trapezius + actions

Answer 27

upper fibers- elevate scapula
middle fibers- retract scapula & upward rotation of scapula
lower fibers- depress scapula & upward rotation of scapula (arm abduction)

Question 28

latissimus dorsi

Answer 28

Origin: spinous processes of lower thoracic vertebra & lumber vertebrae (T6-L5), sacrum, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: humerus (intertubercular groove)
Action:
- adduction of arm
- extension of arm
- medial rotation of arm at shoulder
innervation: thoracodorsal nerve (brachial plexus)

Question 29

levator scapulae

Answer 29

Origin: transverse processes superior cervical vertebrae (C1-C4)
Insertion: superior/ medial border of scapula
Action: elevation of the scapula
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (brachial plexus)

Question 30

rhomboids major and minor

Answer 30

Origin: spinous processes of C7-T5
Insertion: medial border of the scapula
Action: retraction of the scapula
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (brachial plexus)

Question 31

teres major

Answer 31

Origin: inferior angle of scapula, posterior aspect
Insertion: medial lip of intertubercular groove
Action:
- adduction of arm
- extension of arm
- internal rotation of arm
Innervation: lower subscapular nerve (brachial plexus)

Question 31

erector spinae muscles

Answer 31

deep group of 3 paired longitudinal muscles running along the vertebral column
1. iliocostalis- lateral
2. longissimus- middle
3. spinalis- medial

Question 32

erector spinae muscles actions

Answer 32

bilateral: contraction: extension of the vertebral column

unilateral contraction: lateral flexion of the vertebral column

Question 33

the muscles that originated from the pubic symphysis is:
a) internal oblique
b) rectus abdominis
c) transversus abdominis
d) spinalis

Answer 33

b) rectus abdominis