Nitrogen & Fertilizers

Question 1

Fertilizers

Answer 1

N - Nitrogen: chlorophyll & healthy leaves
K - Potassium: growth, fruit & flowers
P - Phosphorus: roots

Question 2

Common fertilizers compounds

Answer 2

• Ammonium Nitrate: NH4NO3
• Ammonium Phosphate: (NH4)3PO4
• Potassium Sulfate: K2SO4

Question 3

Displacement of ammonia from its salt

Answer 3

• Reaction with any akali substance
  Ammonium salt + strong akali -> salt + water + ammonia

E.g Calcium Hydroxide + Ammonium Chloride -> Calcium Chloride + Ammonia + Water

Question 4

Materials & Conditions for Haber process

Answer 4

Materials:
Nitrogen - air
Hydrogen - natural gases

Conditions:
Temp: 450C
Pressure: 200 atm
Catalyst: iron

Question 5

Haber Process

Answer 5

Step 1: H2 & N2 pumped into compressor & compressed to 200 atm

Step 2: Pressurized gases are pumped into a tank with catalytic iron beds at a temp of 450C, some N2 & H2 react to form ammonia

Step 3: Ammonia & unreacted gases pumped into cooling tank, ammonia liquedifies & moves to pressurized storage vessels

Stage 4: Unreacted gases recycled

Question 6

Haber Process conditions explanation

Answer 6

• Pressure increase, yield increase
• Temperature decrease, yield increase

450C: Lower temp, more yield as it favors the exothermic forward reaction but very slow, so 450C to sacrifice yield for speed

200 atm: Higher pressure, more yield as it tries to decrease the pressure by creating less molecules of gaseous product, so higher yield made but high pressure very dangerous & expensive so compromise yield for safety & cost

Iron catalyst: Reach equilibrium faster, allows for good yield at low temp by lowering activation energy