Cells

Question 1

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 1

to transfer energy by (aerobic) respiration or from glucose

Question 2

What type of microscope is needed to see ribosomes and mitochondria?

Answer 2

electron (microscope)

Question 3

Explain why the mean rate of water uptake is higher on a hot day than on a cold day.

Answer 3

(on hot day) more water lost more transpiration or more evaporation
so more water taken up (by roots) to replace (water) loss (from leaves)

Question 4

Give three advantages of using stem cells from embryos instead of from adult bone marrow.

Answer 4

can develop into most other types of cell
each cell divides every 30 minutes
low chance of rejection by the patient’s immune system

Question 5

Give three advantages of using stem cells from adult bone marrow instead of from embryos.

Answer 5

cheaper, can collect many (stem) cells, safe

Question 6

Describe the process of cell division by mitosis

Answer 6

chromosomes and subcellular structures duplicate, cytoplasm splits, identical (daughter) cells formed

Question 7

Dead plants decay faster in soil containing earthworms compared with soil containing no earthworms. Explain why.

Answer 7

more oxygen (in soil with earthworms), more (aerobic) respiration, bacteria decompose