Chapter 2

Question 1

acute stress reactions

Answer 1

Reactions to stress that occur during a traumatic situation

Question 2

aerosol-generating procedure

Answer 2

Treatments that increase the risk for transmission of infections that are spread through the air or by droplets: CPR is an example

Question 3

airborne transmission

Answer 3

The spread of an organism via droplets or dust

Question 4

bloodborne pathogens

Answer 4

Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Question 5

burnout

Answer 5

A combination of exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced performance resulting from long-term job stresses in health care and other high-stress professions

Question 6

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Answer 6

The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the United States. The CDC is part of the US Department of Health and Human Services

Question 7

communicable disease

Answer 7

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

Question 8

compassion fatigue

Answer 8

A stress disorder characterized by gradual lessening of compassion over time

Question 9

concealment

Answer 9

The use of objects to limit a person’s ability to see you

Question 10

contamination

Answer 10

The presence of infectious organisms on or in objects such as dressings, water, food, needles, wounds, or a patient’s body

Question 11

cover

Answer 11

The tactical use of an impenetrable barrier for protection

Question 12

critical incident stress management (CISM)

Answer 12

A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium

Question 13

cumulative stress reactions

Answer 13

Prolonged or excessive stress

Question 14

delayed stress reactions

Answer 14

Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation

Question 15

designated officer

Answer 15

The individual in the department who is charged with the responsibility of managing exposures and infection control issues

Question 16

direct contact

Answer 16

Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact

Question 17

distress

Answer 17

A negative response to a stressor

Question 18

eustress

Answer 18

A beneficial response to a stressor

Question 19

exposure

Answer 19

A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur

Question 20

foodborne transmission

Answer 20

The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease

Question 21

general adaptation syndrome

Answer 21

The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage of reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion