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body systems > Lecture 4 - Basic tissues > Flashcards

Lecture 4 - Basic tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of epithelia?

A

Covers surfaces
Lines cavities and tubes
Forms glands

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2
Q

What are some characteristics of epithelia?

A

Attachment, cells adhere
Avascularity
Regeneration
Polarity

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2
Q

What is the basic structure of epithelia?

A

Closely packed cells supported by a basement membrane

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3
Q

What is the structure of simple squamous epithelia?

A

Flat cells
Oval shaped nuclei
One layer of cells

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4
Q

What is the function of simple squamous epithelia?

A

Exchange of nutrients and gases

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5
Q

What is the location of the simple squamous epithelia?

A

Blood vessels, alveoli

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6
Q

What is the structure of the non-keratinised stratified squamous?

A

Flat surface cells
Oval nuclei
Many layers

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7
Q

What is the function of the non keratinised stratified squamous?

A

Acts as protection and a barrier

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8
Q

What is the location of the non keratinised stratified squamous?

A

In the oral cavity and oesophagus

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9
Q

What is the structure of the keratinised stratified squamous?

A

Flat surface cells
Oval shaped nuclei
Many layers
Keratin

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10
Q

What is the function of keratinised stratified squamous?

A

Acts as protection and a water proof barrier

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11
Q

What is the location of the keratinised stratified squamous?

A

In the skin

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12
Q

What is the structure of the simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Square cells
Round nuclei
One layer

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13
Q

What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Secretion and absorption

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14
Q

What is the location of the simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

In the glands and kidney tubes

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15
Q

What is the structure of the simple columnar epithelium?

A

Tall cells
Oval basally located nuclei
One layer

16
Q

What is the function of the simple columnar epithelium?

A

Absorption and secretion

17
Q

What is the location of the simple columnar epithelium?

A

The gastrointestinal tract

18
Q

What is the structure of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?

A

Tall cells
Cells touch basement membrane but not free surface
Has goblet cells

19
Q

What is the function of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?

A

Mucociliary escalator

20
Q

What is the location of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?

A

Trachea and large respiratory airways

21
Q

What are intercellular junctions?

A

Specialised areas of cell membrane that bind one cell to another

22
Q

What are desmosomes?

A

Strong connections that join adjacent cells
Resist stretching and twisting

23
Q

What are hemidesmosomes?

A

They attach cells to the basement membrane, this stabilises the position of the cell and anchors it to the underlying tissue

24
Q

What are tight junctions?

A

Near the apical side of the cell
Adjacent cell membranes bound together by interlocking proteins
It stops the passage of water and solutes between cells

25
Q

What are gap junctions?

A

Interlocking membrane proteins hold cells together
Connexons contain a central pore, allows movement of small molecules and ions between cells
In cardiac muscle

26
Q

What is the function of connective tissue?

A

Forms structural framework around body
Supports other tissue types
Protects delicate organs
Transports fluids and dissolved materials
Defends body from microorganisms

27
Q

What is the structure of the connective tissue?

A

Has cells within an extracellular matrix

28
Q

What is loose/areolar connective tissue?

A

Lots of ground substance
Few fibres (collagen and elastic)
Variety of cells
Under epithelium

29
Q

What is dense irregular connective tissue?

A

Little ground substance
Many collagen fibre bundles arranged haphazardly
Few cells
Resists excessive stretching and distension
Found in dermis

30
Q

What is dense regular connective tissue?

A

Little round substance
Lots of densely packed bundles of collagen fibres in parallel rows
Few cells
In tendons and ligaments

body systems (22 decks)

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