Culture and Society | Sociology 100

Question 1

Is a group of individuals sharing a common culture, geographical location, and government. (Atienza et al., 2016)

Answer 1

Society

Question 2

It is a tool to grasp the complexity of culture.

Answer 2

Society

Question 3

Represents an ideal type, which more or less depicts the form, process, and dynamics of the social reality it embodies.

Answer 3

Society

Question 4

Formally defined as constituting a fairly large number of people who are living in the same territory, are relatively independent of people outside their area, and participate in a common culture.

Answer 4

Society

Question 5

The outcome of multiple interactions of people upon which succeeding interactions are made meaningful and possible.

Answer 5

Society

Question 6

A particular group of people that share commonalities; very specific and communal.

Answer 6

Community

• Smaller than society; homogenous
• Just a part of society

Question 7

Consists of every person regardless of their culture

Answer 7

Society

• Diversity

Question 8

What are the elements of a society?

Answer 8

• Social Solidarity
• Shared Identity and Culture
• Common Language
• A large population and the ability to sustain succeeding generations of members
• Definite Geographical Area
• Political, Economic, and Social Organization

Question 9

What makes society possible?

Answer 9

• Theoretical Perspective
• Solidarity / Consensus
• Stability
• Culture

Question 10

Argues that society is made possible by cooperation and independence; the proponents of this theory believe that society is a complex system.

Answer 10

Structural Functionalism

Question 11

TRUE or FALSE

Society is composed of different structure that promotes solidarity and consensus.

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

[ ] is achieved through institutions playing their parts.

Answer 12

Stability

Question 13

It is characterized by a common value system, agreement, consent, and harmony of members and group.

Answer 13

Solidarity / Consensus

Question 14

If [ ] is achieved, then the society will have a well-functioning system. If a society composes a well-functioning system, [ ] can be achieved.

Answer 14

Consensus & Stability

Question 15

Is a set of practices and traditions that define a specific society.

Answer 15

Culture

Question 16

The totality of learned and socially transmitted behavior.

Answer 16

Culture

Question 17

It is the blueprint for living in a particular society. (E.B Tylor, 1871)

Answer 17

Culture

Question 18

TRUE or FALSE

Tylor’s “Complex Whole” suggests that a culture cannot be simply broken down into a set of attributes.

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

2 Types of Culture

Answer 19

Material & Non-Material Culture

Question 20

Refers to the tangible things created by members of society.

Answer 20

Material Culture

Question 21

Is the intangible world of ideas created by members of society.

Answer 21

Non-Material Culture

Question 22

These are shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations.

Answer 22

Norms

Question 23

A type of norm that tells us what we should not do.

Answer 23

Proscriptive Norm

Question 24

A type of norm stating what we should do.

Answer 24

Prescriptive Norm

Question 25

Impose punishment and negative sanction (Engelmann, 2—)

Answer 25

Mores

• Vital to the well-being and most cherished values. Refers to what is MORALLY RIGHT.

Question 26

These are negative mores; societal prohibitions on certain acts.

Answer 26

Taboo

Question 27

Everyday habits, customs, traditions, and conventions people obey without giving much thought to the matter.

Ex. Pamanhikan

Answer 27

Folkways

• Less strict and firm than Mores

Question 28

[ ] are formalized norms enacted by people vested with legitimate authority.

Answer 28

Law

Question 29

Anything that carries a particular meaning is recognized by people who share culture.

Answer 29

Symbol

• Refers to objects, gestures, sound, color, or design that would represent “something other than itself.”

Question 30

According to [ ] and [ ], A culture is a historically derived system of explicit and implicit designs for living, which tends to be shared by all or specially designed members of a group.

Answer 30

Kluckhohn & Kelly

Question 31

Refers to similarities in words and actions which can be directly observed.

Answer 31

Explicit Culture

Question 32

Exists in abstract forms which are not quite obvious.

Answer 32

Implicit Culture

Question 33

What are the seven characteristics of culture?

Answer 33

1. Culture is social because it is the product of behavior / culture.
2. Culture varies from society to society
3. Culture is shared
4. Culture is learned
5. Culture is transmitted among members of society.
6. Culture is continuous and cumulative
7. Culture is gratifying and idealistic

Question 34

This perspective tells us that almost all cultures share patterns or traits that are common to all societies across the globe.

Answer 34

Cultural Universal

Question 35

Refers to the tendency of each society to place its own cultural patterns at the center of things.

Answer 35

Ethnocentrism

• It is the practice of comparing other cultural practices with those of one’s own and automatically finding those other cultural practices to be inferior.