Rocks and Minerals (pre-lecture) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary material in the rock cycle?

A

igneous rocks (silicates)

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2
Q

What rock type does erosion and weathering mostly contribute to?

A

sediments and carbonates

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3
Q

What type of rock is linked to deformation in the rock cycle?

A

metamorphic

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4
Q

What is an example of a basic and acidic igneous rock?

A

Basic- Basalt
Acidic- Granite

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5
Q

in what form can you find sedimentary rocks in the rock cycle?

A

Clastic (sandstone, mudstone etc.)
Biogenic (limestone)

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6
Q

What are some examples of metamorphic rock?

A

Gneiss
Slate
Marble

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7
Q

What is the general information on silicates?

A

Contain SiO4
Igneous
Sedimentary (igneous parent)

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8
Q

What is the general info on carbonates?

A

Contain CaCO3
Biogenic carbonate (chalk)
Carbonate cement (stick clasts together in sedimentary)

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9
Q

What keeps silicate tetrahedra balanced and held togther?

A

Cations

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10
Q

What does the arrangement of silicate tetrahedra and cations determine?

A

the type of mineral

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11
Q

What types of silicate structure can there be?

A

Single tetrahedron
Chain
Double chain
Sheet
Framework

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12
Q

What determines solubility of a silicate tetrahedra?

A

the balancing cation

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13
Q
A
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