Rocks and Minerals (pre-lecture) Flashcards
What is the primary material in the rock cycle?
igneous rocks (silicates)
What rock type does erosion and weathering mostly contribute to?
sediments and carbonates
What type of rock is linked to deformation in the rock cycle?
metamorphic
What is an example of a basic and acidic igneous rock?
Basic- Basalt
Acidic- Granite
in what form can you find sedimentary rocks in the rock cycle?
Clastic (sandstone, mudstone etc.)
Biogenic (limestone)
What are some examples of metamorphic rock?
Gneiss
Slate
Marble
What is the general information on silicates?
Contain SiO4
Igneous
Sedimentary (igneous parent)
What is the general info on carbonates?
Contain CaCO3
Biogenic carbonate (chalk)
Carbonate cement (stick clasts together in sedimentary)
What keeps silicate tetrahedra balanced and held togther?
Cations
What does the arrangement of silicate tetrahedra and cations determine?
the type of mineral
What types of silicate structure can there be?
Single tetrahedron
Chain
Double chain
Sheet
Framework
What determines solubility of a silicate tetrahedra?
the balancing cation
