Soft Tissue Lesions and Biopsy Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

what are biopsies used for

A

sample of tissue for histopathological analysis
confirm diagnosis
determine prognosis

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2
Q

what questions need to be asked before doing a biopsy

A

should I biopsy this
why biopsy it
what question am i asking pathologist

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3
Q

what are the tissue sampling techniques

A

aspiration
fine needle aspiration biopsy

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4
Q

what is aspiration used for

A

blood sample
abscess sample (anaerobic species)

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5
Q

what is fine needle biopsy used for

A

solid lesions

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6
Q

what are the types of surgical biopsy

A

excisional biopsy
incisional biopsy
punch biopsy

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7
Q

what is an excisional biopsy

A

remove all of clinically abnormal tissue
for benign and discrete lesions

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8
Q

what is an incisional biopsy

A

representative tissue sample
larger lesions
uncertain diagnosis

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9
Q

what is punch biopsy

A

incisional
removes core of tissue
minimal damage

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10
Q

what do you consider when selecting an area to biopsy

A

area must be large enough
must be representative
more than one biopsy
consider referral

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11
Q

what lesions must be referred

A

suspicious lesions
lumps in upper lip

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12
Q

how do you send a sample to pathology

A

place in 10% formalin immediately
suture on mesial/distal side for orientation
include clinical information
pathology form
by courier not post

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13
Q

why can you NOT use gauze for biopsy samples

A

they distort the sample

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14
Q

what material can be sued to place a sample on

A

filter paper

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15
Q

what is a fibrous epulis

A

swelling from gingivae
hyperplastic response to irritation
smooth surface, rounded swelling
pink and pedunculated

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16
Q

what biopsy is used for a fibrous epulis

A

excisional biopsy

17
Q

how do you treat a fibrous epulis

A

biopsy
coe pack dressing
remove source of irritation (calculus)

18
Q

what is a fibrous overgrowth

A

fibroepithelial polyp
from frictional irritation or trauma
semi pedunculated or sessile
pink smooth surface

19
Q

what is a giant cell epulis

A

peripheral giant cell granuloma
multi nucleated giant cells in vascular stroma
deep red/purple
need x-ray

20
Q

who gets giant cell epulis

A

teenagers in anterior mouth

21
Q

how do you treat giant cell epulis

A

surgical excision with curettage of base
coe pack dressing

22
Q

what is a haemangioma

A

haematoma
developmental overgrowths
exophytic
blue in colour
pressure causes loss of colour

23
Q

how do you treat a haemangioma

A

surgical removal or cryotherapy

24
Q

what is a lipoma

A

benign neoplasm of fat
soft swelling
pale yellow
sessile

25
Q

what is a pregnancy epulis

A

same as pyogenic granuloma
related to hormonal changes and calculus
regress after birth of baby

26
Q

what is pyogenic granuloma

A

failure of normal healing
overgrowth of granulation tissue
related to extraction sockets/soft tissue injuries
red in colour

27
Q

where are squamous cell papillomas found

A

palate, buccal mucosa, lips

28
Q

what is a squamous cell papilloma

A

benign neoplasm
pedunculated
white surface
cauliflower appearance

29
Q

what is denture hyperplasia

A

poorly fitted denture
roll of excess tissue on outer aspect of denture flange
lower labial sulcus

30
Q

how do you treat denture hyperplasia

A

remove excess tissue
trim denture
coe pack dressing

31
Q

what is a leaf fibroma

A

chronic irritation from denture
pedunculated

32
Q

what is a mucocele

A

mucous extravasation cyst
damage to minor salivary glands
saliva leakage into submucosal layer

33
Q

what does a SCC present as

A

lump, red or white patch, non-healing ulcer

ulcer, rolled margin, induration (hard)

34
Q

what is needed for a SCC

A

incisional biopsy
refer urgently
phone call referral and fax referral