Mitosis Flashcards
Mitosis
process by which a body cells divides into two identical body cells
Parent Cell
body cell that will divide by mitosis
Daughter Cell
body cell that results from mitosis
Diploid
when a cell has two sets of each chromosome(one from each parent)
– typical for human body cells
Haploid
when a cell has one set of each chromosome
– typical for human gametes
Centrosome
microtubule organizing the center of a cell
– made up of two centrioles
Mitotic Spindle
after the centrosomes duplicate, they seperate to form the poles of this structure, which separates the duplicated chromosomes during mitosis
Prophase
– duplicated centrosomes move away from the middle of the cell
– spindle fibers appear between the separating centrosomes
– the nuclear envelope begins to fragment
– the nucelolus disappears as chromosomes begin to form from chromatin
Prometaphase
– spindle fibers attach to the centromeres as the chromosomes continue to shorten and thicken
– spindle poles move to opposite sides of the cell
Metaphase
– spindle is fully formed
– metaphasal plate becomes obvious
– chromosomes line up along the metaphasal plate
Anaphase
– the spindle begins to move the chromosomes pulling sister chromatids apart from each other
Telophase
– begins when the chromosomes arrive at the poles
– chromosomes disperse into chromatin
– the spindle disappears
– the nuclear envelope reassembles to form two daughter nuclei
Cleavage Furrow
an indentation between future daughter cells that appears during anaphase; as it pinches close, the cells are forced to become enclosed by their own cell membranes
