muscles of the anterior neck & throat Flashcards
sternocleidomastoid
O: sternal head & clavicular head
I: mastoid process of temporal bone; lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line of occipital bone.
A: capital extension; cervical flexion & lateral flexion; contralateral cervical flexion
ANTERIOR scalene
O: anterior tubercles of the transverse process of C3-C6.
I: scalene tubercle and cranial crest of Rib 1
A: Cervical flexion and lateral flexion; contralateral cervical rotation.
This is the most inward scalene, closest to the spine.
MIDDLE scalene
O: posterior tubercles of the transverse processes if C2-C7.
I: Rib 1 (between tubercle and subclavian groove)
A: Lateral cervical flexion; contralateral cervical rotation.
Middle scalene in between the anterior and posterior one. Posterior one is behind the middle scalene.
POSTERIOR scalene
O: Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C5-C7
I: Lateral surface of Rib 2.
A: lateral cervical flexion; contralateral cervical rotation.
Attaches on the second rib, unlike the anterior and middle scalene. Is kind of hidden behind the middle scalene.
how many suprahyoid muscles are there and where are they located in relation to the hyoid bone? What are the 4 muscles?
There are 4 suprahyoid muscles and they are for talking and swallowing.
They are above the hyoid bone. supra=superior
Diagastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, mylohyoid.
Diagastric
O: Anterior belly and the posterior belly. (mastoid process of the temporal bone)
I: Hyoid bone (via a connective tissue loop).
A: depresses the mandible, elevates & pulls the hyoid bone anterior/posterior during swallowing and speech.
It is the flat muscle at the bottom of the mouth that makes a 90 deg angle with the throat.
The diagastric contains the anterior and posterior belly
Stylohyoid
O: styloid process of the temporal bone.
I: hyoid bone
A: elevates & retracts the hyoid.
Is adjacent to the diagastric
Geniohyoid
O: internal medial of the mandible
I: hyoid bone
A: pulls hyoid bone superiorly and anteriorly (widens pharynx for food).
Mylohyoid
O: internal medial surface if the mandible
I: hyoid bone
A: elevates hyoid and floor of the mouth.
what are the 4 infrahyoid muscles called and where are they located?
sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid.
They are all located below the hyoid bone.
Sternohyoid
O: manubrium and medial end of the clavicle.
I: inferior border of the hyoid bone.
A: depresses the larynx and hyoid bone.
Long muscle running down vertically on the inside (medially).
Sternothyroid
O: manubrium
I: thyroid cartilage
A: depresses the larynx and hyoid.
Big muscle running down vertically but on the outside.
Thyrohyoid
O: Thyroid cartilage
I: hyoid bone
A: depressed hyoid
weird position, on top of the sternothyroid and another muscle.
omohyoid
O: inferior belly (superior border of scapula) & superior belly
I: inferior belly and superior belly
A:Depressed and retracts the hyoid bone.
Is adjacent (next) to the sternohyoid muscle but is the outside muscle.
