Jeopardy Questions Flashcards
List two organisms that would be directly affected if bees disappeared from an ecosystem, and one organism that would be indirectly affected.
Plants and flowers; birds.
Plants and flowers need bees to pollinate them (spread their seeds) so that they can continue to grow. If all of the bees died, the majority of plants and flowers would too.
Birds eat bees, and would lose a key source of nutrients if the bees died. Even if the birds had alternate ways to get nutrients, a large amount of the population would starve and die.
Indirectly, most animals on earth would be affected by the extinction of bees since bees make sure that the producers (first trophic level!) do not die out. Let’s use a more specific example: the population of foxes around the world would decrease, because the foxes get their nutrients from the birds that eat the bees. Also, since foxes are not primary consumers, their other food sources would also die because they rely on the nutrients from producers, which would affect the foxes since all of their sources of nutrients are gone.
Limiting factor
Something that contributes to limiting population growth.
Lack of food, climate change, habitat destruction.
List two main reasons why plants are essential to ecosystems (think about the products of photosynthesis).
Plants are the first step in food chains, since they are able to photosynthesize (produce their nutrients from the energy of our gorgeous sun).
All organisms rely on the nutrients from the plants; and without them, we would not be able to get most of our nutrients and we would die.
Also, without plants that produce oxygen, no organisms would survive which would obviously affect the food chains since there would be none.
What is the general trend in the predtor-prey graph?
Predators increase -> Prey decrease -> Predators decrease -> Prey increase -> Repeat.
The predators and prey increase/decrease in opposite waves to each other that are slightly delayed.
The decrease of prey will come slightly after the increase of predator, etc., because the population doesn’t just magically increase overnight.
Something that only eats vegetables
Herbivore
What are the four types of evidence for evolution?
Comparative Anatomy, comparing different organisms anatomy to see how similar/different they are.
Embryology, looking at organisms development stages and how similar/different they are.
DNA comparison, looking at past and present species’ DNA to see how similar/different they are, when they appeared, in what order.
Fossil records, looking at fossils to see how similar/different they are to current animals to deduce from what they might have evolved.
What are the 4 aspects (parts) of evolution?
Heredity = traits must be passed down through generations and inherited –
Time = – which takes time.
Natural selection = the animals with the most favourable (well-adapted) traits will be “selected,” and they will have an easier time surviving and therefore will be able to pass their genes on.
Variation = there must be a mutation that causes a variation (change) in a trait.
What do you call a trait/egenskaper that increases an organism’s chance of surviving, mating, and reproducing?
An adaptation
Put the following 4 things in order of evolution:
- Amino acids
- DNA
- Proteins
- RNA
Amino acids, RNA, DNA, Proteins
What were the four simple chemicals found in primitive (early) earth?
Water, Hydrogen Gas, Ammonia, Methane
How did the earth get oxygen?
The first cells on Earth created chloroplasts which had chlorophyll, meaning they were able to photosynthesize. Yippe.
What did birds evolve from?
Dinosaurs that survived the meteor. They adapted by growing wings so that they were able to fly above the inhospitable ground.
Put the following 4 animals in order of evolution:
- Fish
- Reptiles
- Invertebrates
- Birds
Invertebrates, Fish, Reptiles, Birds
Grass —> Rabbit —> Fox
In the above ecosystem, the rabbits have evolved to have darker skin and camoflauge better from the foxes. Explain how this will affect each organism in the food chain in 6 months, and then in one year.
Because the foxes have had a more difficult time preying on the rabbits, their population has decreased. This will help the rabbits thrive because they have an easier time surviving and are able to reproduce more. This will cause an increase in the rabbit population, but a decrease in the amount of grass in the area because there are more rabbits that need to eat. Too many rabbits might result in the grass running out, which could negatively affect the rabbit population.
In a year, the grass will probably have run out and the rabbits will start starving. More will die, which means a decrease in the population. This might give the grass a chance to grow back, because there are fewer rabbits.
As mentioned previously, the fox population will decrease after six months because they will have a more difficult time finding food. After a year, the foxes might start adapting to the change in the rabbit’s fur, and might have developed better smell or hearing to be able to hunt more easily.
What are the four ecosystem services? Describe the name of each one and what they represent.
Cultural services: Provides things that are beneficial for human wellbeing.
Provisioning services: Gives physical things to humans
Supporting services: Fundamental chemical processes (photosynthesis)
Regulating: Process that keeps the ecosystem going (pollination)
