LESSON 3B | PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY | REVIEWER

Question 1

• This theory argues that human behavior is a result of the interaction among three parts of the brain. These are the id, ego and superego.
• It also emphasizes on the role of psychological conflicts in shaping behavior and personality.
• According to the theory, the thought to progress through the five stages of psychosexual development is the dynamic interactions among the fundamental parts of the brain.

Answer 1

PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

Question 2

He is the proponent of psychoanalytic theory

Answer 2

SIGMUND FREUD

Question 3

What are the three (3) personality components?

Answer 3

ID, SUPEREGO, EGO

Question 4

It is the most primitive among the three structures that deals with the instant gratification of physical needs and urges. Accordingly, this operates entirely on the pleasure principle. That is why if an individual feels good about a particular thing, he will pursue it with no consideration for the reality, locality or practicality of the situation.

Answer 4

ID

Question 5

As the person grows and is able to relate with his environment, this component slowly emerges. It operates using the reality principle. It is a more rational, pragmatic part of the personality, less primitive than the id and partly conscious and unconscious. It is responsible to balance the strains between the id and superego in the reality context. That is why it is considered as the deciding agent of personality though its function is to meet the needs of the id and take into account the reality of the situation at the same time.

Answer 5

EGO

Question 6

This structure develops at the end of the phallic stage and starts to embody the person’s moral aspects. It focuses on the social rules and morals- seemingly called the “conscience” or the “moral compass”. It develops as a child learns about their culture where they based the moral and immoral acts and influences their perception about what is wrong and what is good.

Answer 6

SUPEREGO

Question 7

TRUE OR FALSE
Freud claimed that there will be a constant conflict among id, ego and superego and that adult personality and behavior is anchored in the result of these internal struggles throughout childhood.

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

TRUE OR FALSE
According to Freud, a person with a strong ego has a healthy personality and is capable of balancing situations between his desire and the norms to be followed.

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

How many stages does psychosexual development have?

Answer 9

5 STAGES
- Oral (birth to 18 months)
- Anal (18 months to 3 years old)
- Phallic (ages 3 to 6)
- Latency (age 6 to puberty)
- Genital (puberty onwards)

Question 10

During this stage, the child is focused on oral pleasures (sucking). Too much or too little satisfaction can lead to an Oral Fixation or Oral Personality which is shown in an increased focus on oral activities.

Answer 10

ORAL STAGE (BIRTH TO 18 MONTHS)

Question 11

Having a stronger tendency to smoke, drink alcohol, overeat.

Answer 11

ORAL RECEPTIVE

Question 12

Tendency to bite his or her nails, or use curse words or even gossip.

Answer 12

ORAL AGRESSIVE

Question 13

The child’s focus of pleasure in this stage is the anus. The child finds satisfaction in eliminating and retaining feces. Through society’s expectations, particularly the parents, the child needs to work on toilet training.

Answer 13

ANAL STAGE (18 MONTHS TO 3 YRS OLD)

Question 14

An obsession with cleanliness, perfection, and control.

Answer 14

ANAL RETENTIVE

Question 15

Fixation in anal stage where the person may become messy and disorganized.

Answer 15

ANAL EXPULSIVE

Question 16

The pleasure or erogenous zone is the genitals. During the preschool age, children become interested in what makes boys and girls different. Preschoolers will sometimes be seen fondling their genitals.

Answer 16

PHALLIC STAGE (3 to 6 YEARS)

Question 17

Freud’s studies led him to believe that during this stage boys develop unconscious sexual desire for their mother. Boys then see their father as a rival for her mother’s affection. These feelings comprise what Freud called?

Answer 17

OEDIPUS COMPLEX

Question 18

Psychoanalysts also believed that girls may also have a similar experience, developing unconscious sexual attraction towards their father.

Answer 18

ELECTRA COMPLEX

Question 19

It’s during this stage that sexual urges remain repressed. The children’s focus is the acquisition of physical and academic skills.

Answer 19

LATENCY STAGE (6 TO PUBERTY)

Question 20

The fifth stage of psychosexual development begins at the start of puberty when sexual urges again awakened. In the earlier stages, adolescents focus their sexual urges towards the opposite sex peers, with the pleasure centered on the genitals.

Answer 20

GENITAL STAGE (PUBERTY ONWARDS)