Lecture 2 - Christology

Question 1

Ontological Christology

Answer 1

Study of the person of Christ.

Question 2

Functional Christology

Answer 2

Study of the work of Christ.

Question 3

Ecumenical Council

Answer 3

Global council of Christians from every country where there were known to be Christians.

Question 4

Council of Nicaea

Answer 4

Addressed Arianism, the idea that Christ was the first greatest creation. A.D. 325.

Question 5

Monarchianism

Answer 5

Collapses the 3 persons into 1

Question 6

Sabellianism/Modalism

Answer 6

One God in three modes in which he appears (oneness Pentacostalism).

Question 7

Arianism

Answer 7

Jesus was a creature, great but still created.

Question 8

Adoptionism

Answer 8

Jesus gained divinity, likely at his baptism.

Question 9

Alexander of Alexandria

Answer 9

Held that Jesus is same substance with the Father.

Question 10

Arius

Answer 10

Held that Jesus was not the same as God.

Question 11

Homoousia

Answer 11

Same substance - Jesus and the Father are one, both fully divine.

Question 12

Homoiousia

Answer 12

Similar substance - Jesus is similar to but not the same as the Father

Question 13

Constantine

Answer 13

Called the council of Nicaea - first Roman emperor to claim Christianity.

Question 14

Nicene Creed

Answer 14

Established statement of what the council decided they believed - upheld homoousia, condemned Arianism.

Question 15

Athanasius

Answer 15

Alexander’s secretary, rose to defeat Arianism at the popular level by showing the Arian Jesus could not save.

Question 16

Council of Chalcedon

Answer 16

4th ecumenical council, AD 451, discussed the humanity of Christ.

Question 17

Monophysites

Answer 17

Jesus has one nature, a divine nature.

Question 18

Eutycheism

Answer 18

Monophysite position, Jesus’ divinity swallows and takes over his humanity, for flesh is wholly bad.

Question 19

Apollinarianism

Answer 19

Monophysite position; Jesus’ humanity is limited to his body, but he had no human soul, will, or mind

Question 20

Docetism

Answer 20

Monophysite position; Jesus appeared human, but his humanity is a phantom.

Question 21

Nestorianism

Answer 21

Jesus is two persons with two natures.

Question 22

Chalcedonian Creed

Answer 22

Upheld Cyrus’s position. Yielded hypostatic union.

Question 23

Hypostatic Union

Answer 23

In one person there is the union of two natures. Their distinction is not lost in the union. Christ has all properties of each nature.

Question 24

Eternal Modes of Subsistence

Answer 24

The only thing that distinguishes between the persons of the Trinity: one divine essence subsiding in 3 modes, Unbegotten, Eternally Generated, Eternally Spirated. Mutually dependent but distinct.

Question 25

Eternal Generation

Answer 25

The Son’s mode of subsistence.

Question 26

Common Predication

Answer 26

Applies to the entire Trinity

Question 27

Proper Predication

Answer 27

Applies to one person of the Trinity.

Question 28

Inseparable Operations

Answer 28

God has one essence, one being, one will, and therefore there is one operation of God.

Question 29

Appropriation

Answer 29

Certain acts are appropriated by one person or terminate on one person.

Question 30

Dyothelitism

Answer 30

Jesus has two wills, for will resides in nature not person (One divine will, Jesus took on a human will with his human nature)

Question 31

Communicatio Idiomatum

Answer 31

The communication of attributes between Christ’s natures. Kurtz claims this does not happen.

Question 32

Extra Calvinisticum

Answer 32

Both natures are operational at the same time but remain distinct.

Question 33

Ad Intra

Answer 33

Internal life of the Trinity (immanent).

Question 34

Ad Extra

Answer 34

External life of the Trinity (economic).

Question 35

Incarnation

Answer 35

Most mysterious event of history: divine attributes flipped on their head. Actually, Jesus came in the flesh.

Question 36

Kenotic Christianity

Answer 36

Jesus leaves behind some of his divinity to assume humanity. (false)

Question 37

Virgin Birth of Christ

Answer 37

Christ’s human nature has a temporal origin through Mary in birth through immaculate conception.

Question 38

Non Posse Peccare

Answer 38

Not possible to sin, impeccability.

Question 39

Posse Non Peccare

Answer 39

Possible to not sin, peccability.

Question 40

Passion and Death of Jesus

Answer 40

The most unjust event in human history as a display of God’s justice.

Question 41

Christus Odium

Answer 41

Christ hatred. Hard: ontology; The Father hates the Son, as he became sin ontologically. Soft: in the relationship; there is a break from Father to Son or nature to nature.

Question 42

Resurrection of Christ

Answer 42

The most glorious day in human history.

Question 43

Ascension of Christ

Answer 43

Christ ascends and sits at the right hand of the Father, showing his work to be finished.

Question 44

The Offices of Christ

Answer 44

The Old Testament delineates three: priest, prophet, and king. Significant figures are one of the three. Christ is the archetype of all.

Question 45

Priest

Answer 45

Intercedes for the people primarily by sacrifice. Christ’s is once for all.

Question 46

Prophet

Answer 46

Brings revelation from God to the people. Jesus, being God, speaks God’s words and is the ultimate prophet

Question 47

King

Answer 47

Jesus teaches of his kingdom. He is the true king - beyond good.

Question 48

Ebionism

Answer 48

Early heresy emphasizing the poverty of Christ and his relatability to the point that it denied his divinity, preexistence, and resurrection.