Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

What are some ways drugs can have effects on the body?

A
  • Acting on receptors
  • Inhibiting carriers (transporters that move 1 or more ions across a membrane)
  • Modulating or blocking ion channels
  • Upregulating/inhibiting enzymes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe ligand gated ion channel receptors.

A
  • Located on membrane
  • Ligand binds to receptor causing ions to pass through channel
  • Takes milliseconds to cause response
  • EXAMPLE: Nicotinic ACh receptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Describe GPCRs

A
  • Located on membrane
  • Take seconds to cause a response
  • Use an α subunit which activates and inhibits enzymes through biochemical cascades
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 types of GPCRs?

A
  • Gαs - activate adenylate cyclase
  • Gαq - activate phospholipase C
  • Gαi - inhibit adenylate cyclase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the difference between affinity and potency of a drug?

A
  • AFFINITY - How strongly ligand binds to receptor
  • POTENCY - Amount of drug required to cause an effect
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do the following terms mean
- EC50
- Emax

A
  • EC50 - Agonist concentration to elicit a half maximal response
  • Emax - Maximal response of drug
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Outline the difference between a competitive and non-competitive antagonist.

A
  • COMPETITIVE - reversible binding to active site of receptor
  • NON-COMPETITIVE - binds to allosteric site and prevents receptor activation. Response won’t be maximal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do the following terms mean
- ED50
- TD50

A
  • ED50 - Drug concentration to achieve therapeutic effect in 50% of population
  • TD50 - Drug concentration to cause toxic effects in 50% of population
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly