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english vocabulary > Criminal Cases Terms > Flashcards

Criminal Cases Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Absolución

A

Acquittal

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2
Q

Afirmar

A

Affirm

When the appellate court agrees with the decision from the trial court.

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3
Q

Defensa afirmativa

Explicación de un delito que hace que el acto no sea delictivo, como la coacción, o que modifica la condena, como el acaloramiento pasional o la demencia. La carga de la prueba recae sobre el acusado.

A

Affirmative Defense

An explanation for a crime that makes the act noncriminal, such as duress, or that changes the sentence, such as heat of passion or insanity. The defendant has the burden of proving the defense by a preponderance of the evidence.

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4
Q

Monitor de tobillo

A

Ankle monitor

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5
Q

Apelación

A

Appeal

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6
Q

Lectura de cargos

A

Arraignment

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7
Q

Arresto

A

Arrest

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8
Q

Orden de arresto

A

Arrest Warrant

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9
Q

Fianza

A

Bail

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10
Q

Audiencia de fianza

A

Bail hearing

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11
Q

Agente de fianzas

A

Bail Bondsman

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12
Q

Juicio a puerta cerrada, juicio sin jurado

A

Bench Trial

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13
Q

Orden de arresto del juez, orden de comparecencia

A

Bench Warrant

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14
Q

What is the difference between “arrest warrant” and “bench warrant”

A

An “arrest warrant” is issued to apprehend a suspect involved in a suspected crime, while a “bench warrant” is issued to compel the appearance of someone who has failed to meet a court’s previous orders, such as attending a scheduled court date. Both types of warrants authorize law enforcement to take the individuals into custody, but they are issued in different circumstances.

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15
Q

Más Allá de Toda Duda Razonable

A

Beyond a Reasonable Doubt

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16
Q

Fianza o garantía

A

Bond

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17
Q

Registro de Detención, proceso de detención.

A

Booking

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18
Q

Alegato, informe breve

A

Brief

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19
Q

Carga de la Prueba, carga de la evidencia

A

Burden of Proof

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20
Q

Cambio de declaración

A

Change of plea

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21
Q

Cargos, acusación

A

Charges

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22
Q

Citación, multa

A

Citation

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23
Q

Caso civil

A

Civil

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24
Q

Delito menor clase “A”

A

Class “A” Misdemeanor

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25
Q

Delito mayor clase “C”

A

Class “C” felony

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26
Q

Argumento de clausura, Alegato final

A

Closing argument

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27
Q

Denuncia, demanda

A

Complaint

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28
Q

Servicio comunitario

A

Community work service

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29
Q

Condiciones de liberación

A

Condition of release

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30
Q

Desacato al Tribunal, Desobediencia al Tribunal

A

Contempt of Court

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31
Q

Condena, sentencia

A

Conviction

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32
Q

Crimen, delito

A

Crime

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33
Q

Sistema de justicia penal

A

Criminal Justice System

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34
Q

Contrainterrogatorio, Interrogatorio Cruzado

A

Cross-Examination

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35
Q

Custodia, arresto

A

Custody

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36
Q

Acusado

A

Defendant

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37
Q

Descubrimiento, revelación de pruebas

A

Discovery

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38
Q

Fiscal del Distrito

A

District attorney / Prosecutor

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39
Q

Doble riesgo, doble enjuiciamiento

A

Double Jeopardy

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40
Q

División de Vehículos Motorizados

A

Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV)

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41
Q

Conducir bajo los efectos del alcohol o drogas.

A

Driving under the influence (DUI)

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42
Q

Dispositivo de monitoreo electrónico

A

Electronic monitoring device

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43
Q

Pruebas o evidencia

A

Evidence

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44
Q

Audiencia probatoria /
Audiencia de pruebas

A

Evidentiary Hearing

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45
Q

Delincuente, criminal condenado

A

Felon

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46
Q

Delito grave

A

Felony

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47
Q

Multa

A

Fine

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48
Q

Primera comparecencia / Primera audiencia

A

First Appearance

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49
Q

Permiso de salida / Licencia penitenciaria.

A

Furloughs

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50
Q

Tiempo Bueno / Reducción de condena por buen comportamiento.

A

Good Time

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51
Q

Gran Jurado / Jurado de Acusación.

A

Grand Jury

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52
Q

Culpable

A

Guilty

53
Q

Casa de Media Estancia / Centro Residencial Comunitario (CRC)

A

Halfway House also known as Community Residential Center (CRC)

54
Q

Jurado en Desacuerdo / Jurado en Empate

A

Hung Jury

55
Q

Dispositivo de bloqueo del encendido / Dispositivo de interbloqueo de encendido (DUI)

A

Ignition interlock device.

56
Q

Consentimiento tácito / Consentimiento implícito

A

Implied consent

57
Q

Encarcelado / Preso

A

Incarcerated.

58
Q

Acta de Acusación

A

Indictment

59
Q

Información / Cargos

A

Information

60
Q

Infracción / Contravención

A

Infraction

61
Q

Investigar / Investigación

A

Investigate / Investigation

62
Q

Cárcel / Prisión

A

Jail

63
Q

Juez

A

Judge

64
Q

Sentencia / Fallo

A

Judgement

65
Q

Jurisdicción / Competencia

A

Jurisdiction

66
Q

Jurado / Tribunal de jurado

A

Jury

67
Q

Instrucciones del jurado / Instrucciones del tribunal del jurado

A

Jury instructions.

68
Q

Jueces de Paz / Jueces de Magistratura

A

Magistrate Judges.

69
Q

Derechos de Miranda

A

Miranda rights or Miranda warning.

70
Q

Delito menor

A

Misdemeanor

71
Q

Juicio Nulo / Juicio Anulado

A

Mistrial

72
Q

Moción / Petición

A

Motion

73
Q

No Contest / Nolo Contendere

Please note that “Nolo contendere” is a Latin legal term commonly used in the United States and may not have a direct equivalent in some other legal systems.

A

No me opongo / Nolo contendere.

74
Q

No Culpable

A

Not Guilty

75
Q

Delincuente

A

Offender

76
Q

Audiencia omnibus / Audiencia previa al juicio

A

Omnibus hearing

77
Q

Sentencia abierta / Pena a discreción del juez.

A

Open Sentencing

78
Q

Declaración de apertura

A

Opening Statement

79
Q

Argumento Oral / Alegato Oral

A

Oral Argument

80
Q

Ordenanza / Reglamento municipal

A

Ordinance

81
Q

Anular / Revocar

A

Overturn

82
Q

Bajo palabra / Libertad bajo palabra.

A

Own Recognizance (OR)

83
Q

Libertad Condicional

A

Parole

84
Q

Libertad condicional discrecional

A

Discretionary Parole

85
Q

Libertad condicional obligatoria

A

Mandatory Parole

86
Q

Junta de Libertad Condicional

A

Parole board

87
Q

Penalidades / Sanciones

A

Penalties

88
Q

Desafío perentorio.

Al elegir un jurado, cada parte puede rechazar un número fijo de posibles jurados sin dar ninguna razón. En Alaska, cada parte puede también recusar perentoriamente al juez asignado al principio del caso, sin dar ninguna razón.

A

Peremptory Challenge.

89
Q

Petición para Revocar la Libertad Condicional.

A

Petition to Revoke Probation

90
Q

Declaración o Alegato

A

Plea

91
Q

Acuerdo de Declaración / Acuerdo de Culpabilidad

A

Plea Agreement / Plea Bargain / Plea Deal

92
Q

Post-Conviction Relief

A

Recurso de Post condena

93
Q

Examen Preliminar / Audiencia Preliminar

A

Preliminary Examination

94
Q

Informe antes de la sentencia / Informe previo a la condena

A

Pre-sentence Report

95
Q

Prisión / Penitenciaria

A

Prison

96
Q

Causa Probable / Motivo Fundado

A

Probable Cause

97
Q

Libertad condicional / Suspensión de la condena

A

Probation

98
Q

Oficial de Libertad Condicional

A

Probation Officer

99
Q

Fiscal

A

Prosecutor

100
Q

Defensor Público

A

Public defender

101
Q

Restitución / Compensación

A

Restitution

102
Q

Audiencia de Revocación / Audiencia de Anulación

A

Revocation Hearing

103
Q

Regla 5 / Norma 5

A

Rule 5

104
Q

Reglas de prueba / Reglas de evidencia.

A

Rules of Evidence

105
Q

Fianza garantizada

A

Secured Bond

106
Q

Sentencia / Condena

A

Sentence

107
Q

Audiencia de sentencia / Audiencia de condena

A

Sentencing Hearing

108
Q

Notificar / Cumplir (una condena)

A

Serve

109
Q

Juicio rápido / Juicio sin dilaciones indebidas

A

Speedy Trial

110
Q

Seguro SR-22 / Seguro de responsabilidad financiera SR-22

A

SR-22 Insurance

111
Q

Estipulación / Acuerdo de las partes

A

Stipulation

112
Q

Citación / Citación judicial

A

Subpoena

113
Q

Citación / Orden de comparecencia

A

Summons

114
Q

Suprimir / Excluir

A

Suppress

115
Q

Recargo / Sobrecargo

A

Surcharge

116
Q

Suspensión de entrada del fallo / Suspensión de la imposición de la sentencia

A

Suspended Entry of Judgment (SEJ)

117
Q

Imposición suspendida de la sentencia / Condena con imposición suspendida

A

Suspended Imposition of Sentence (SIS)

118
Q

Fiador / Avalista

A

Surety

119
Q

Sentencia suspendida / Condena suspendida

A

Suspended Sentence

120
Q

Custodio de terceros / Tercero responsable

A

Third Party Custodian

121
Q

Tiempo cumplido

A

Time Served

122
Q

Juicio / Proceso judicial

A

Trial

123
Q

Juez de primera instancia / Juez de tribunal de juicio

A

Trial Court Judge

124
Q

Fianza de comparecencia no garantizada

A

Unsecured Appearance Bond

125
Q

Veredicto

A

Verdict

126
Q

Victima

A

Victim

127
Q

Infraccion / Violacion

A

Violation

128
Q
A

english vocabulary (10 decks)

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