Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ADULTs 1 > Strokes > Flashcards

Strokes Flashcards

1
Q

How do strokes happen

A

Cerebral vascular access disruption, ischemia or brain hemorrhage in brain cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Things you can do to avoid stroke

A

Live healthy lifestyle to AVOID

hypertension, metabolic syndrome, heart disease, heavy alcohol consumption, poor diet, drug abuse, sleep apnea, sleep apnea, obesity, physical inactivity, smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the non-modifiable risk factors of stroke

A

age, gender, race, hereditary/family history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

whats a TIA

A

no actual infarction of the brain

neurologic dysfunction caused by focal brain, spinal cord, or retinaal ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ischemic stroke

A

inadequate blood flow to brain

thrombotic, embolic strokes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

thrombotic stroke

A

thrombosis develops where there is plaque in narrowed blood vessels. thrombotic stroke is most common cause of stroke. more common in older adults with high cholesterol, atherosclerosis, or diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

embolic stroke

A

second most common cause of stroke

most emboli originate in the inside layer of the heart (endocardial) when a plaque breaks off and enters circulation

clot lodges where vessel narrows or bifurcates (splits into two)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

hemorrhagic stroke

A

intracerebral/intraparenchymal hemorrhage (bleeds into brain tissue itself)

subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (bleeding into subarachnoid space)

intraventricular hemorrhage (bleeding into ventricles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

memorize order of meninges

A

scalp, skull, periosteal sura mater, meningeal dura mater, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, pia mater, cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the symptoms of stroke

A

balance
eye
face
arm
speech
time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

symptoms of right side brain damage

A

left side paralysis

left sided neglect

spatial-perceptual deficits

pt tends to deny/minimize problems

rapid performance, short attention span

impulsive, safety problems

impaired judgement

impaired time concepts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

symptoms of left side brain damage

A

right side paralysis

impaired speech/language

impaired right/left distinction

slow performance, cautious

hyperaware of deficits, depression/anxiety

impaired comprehension related to language/math

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

difference between aphasia and dysphasia

A

Aphasia is total loss of comprehension/use of language but is receptive and expressive

Dysphasia is difficulty related to comprehension use of language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is dysarthria

A

disturbance of muscular control of speech

Includes pronunciation, articulation, phonation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the primary diagnostic test used to Dx a stroke

A

CT

noncontrast can differentiate between ischemic and hemorhagic stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What med is the most frequently used antiplatelet drug

A

aspirin

17
Q

What are the initial interventions of a stroke pt

A

ABCs

Elevate head of bed 30 degrees

Precautions same as seizure

18
Q

When would you administer BP meds to a pt stroke pt

A

If they don’t receive fibrolytic therapy, only if BP is SBP greater than 220 mmHg or DBP greater than 120mmHg

19
Q

What is the cushings triad

A

increased intercranial pressure from bleed causes pressure on brain stem that ultimately causes bradycardia, irregular respirations, and increased systolic pressure same diastolic pressure aka widening pressure

20
Q

What is a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)

A

reestablishes blood flow through a blocked artery to prevent cell death

must be admin within 4.5 hrs of onset of clinical signs of ischemic stroke

many contraindications: major surgey in the past two weeks, recent internal bleeding in past 22 days, head trauma in past 3 months, GI bleed, coag disorders, make sure it isnt a hemorrhagic stroke

21
Q

when would you use aspirin for a stroke pt

A

24-48 hrs after ischemic stroke episode. Anticoags and anti-platelets may be used in effort to prevent further clot forma

22
Q

T/F: statin drugs can be used to treat stroke

A

T

23
Q

What type of surgical procedures are used for some stroke treatments

A

evacuation of hematoma greater than 3 cm

clipping/coiling of aneurysms followed by oral nimodipine to prevent cerebral vasospasm (asses BP/HR)

endovascular procedure to open blocked arteries

24
Q

how long can a pt lay on affected side

A

30 min

25
Q

How would you assist a pt with apraxia

A

inability to motor plan and perform tasks/movements d/t brain damage

26
Q

How to provide care to a patient with left side brain damage from stroke

A

slower in organization/performance of tasks

impaired spatial discrimination

fear, anxiety

responds well to verbal cues

27
Q

How to provide care to a patient with right side brain damage from stroke

A

difficulty in judging position, distance, and movement

impulsive, impatient, and denying problems r/t stroke

respond best to directions given verbally

ADULTs 1 (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions