Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PT3001: Introduction to Pharmacology > CNS Pharmacology III: Drug Treatments of CNS Disorders > Flashcards

CNS Pharmacology III: Drug Treatments of CNS Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the POSITIVE symptoms of Schizophrenia?

A
  • Delusions
  • Hallucinations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Antipsychotic drugs treat the negative symptoms of Schizophrenia but not the positive symptoms?

A

False.
Treat the POSITIVE symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In the Dopamine (DA) Hypothesis of Schizophrenia, is there increased or decreased DA transmission in the Nigrostriatal Pathway?

A

INCREASED DA transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In the Dopamine (DA) Hypothesis of Schizophrenia, which subtype of receptors are acted on in the Mesolimbic Pathway?

A

D2 receptors
* Overactive D2 receptors may cause “positive symptoms”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In the Dopamine (DA) Hypothesis of Schizophrenia, which subtype of receptors are acted on in the Mesocortical Pathway?

A

D1 receptors
* Decreased D1 activity may cause “negative symptoms”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What DA strategies can be effective treatments for Schizophrenia?

A
  • DECREASE DA activity in the limbic areas
  • INCREASE DA activity in prefrontal cortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Would an increase or decrease in Serotonin cause hypo function of DA system in the prefrontal cortex?

A

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of drugs are Anti-Psychotic drugs in regards to receptors?

A

D2 Antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are TWO examples of Typical Anti-Psychotic drugs?

A
  1. Chlorpromazine
  2. Haloperidol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are TWO examples of Atypical Anti-Psychotic drugs?

A
  1. Clozapine
  2. Risperidone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the FIVE classes of Antidepressant Drugs?

A
  1. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
  2. Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
  3. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
  4. Noradrenaline Selective Reuptake Inhibitors (NRIs)
  5. Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the mechanism of action of MAOIs?

A
  • Inhibit MAOa (that metabolises monoamines)
  • Boosts levels of 5-HT, DA, and NA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which MAOI drugs are Non-Selective?

A
  • Tranylcypromine
  • Phenelzine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which MAOI drugs are MAO-A Selective?

A
  • Clorgyline
  • Moclobemide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which MAOI drug is MAO-B Selective (mainly DA)?

A

Selegiline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which class of MAOIs are the most effective antidepressant?

A

MAO-A inhibitors

17
Q

What are THREE examples of TCA drugs?

A
  1. Imipramine
  2. Clomipramine (5-HT selective)
  3. Desipramine (NA selective)
18
Q

What is the mechanism of action for TCAs?

A

Blocks reuptake of NA and 5-HT

19
Q

What are TWO examples of SSRI drugs?

A
  1. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
  2. Sertraline
20
Q

What is the mechanism of action of SSRIs?

A
  • SSRIs increase levels of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft
  • Prevents 5-HT reuptake by binding to transporters
21
Q

What is an example of an NRI drug?

A

Reboxetine

22
Q

What is an example of an SNRI drug?

A

Venlafaxine

23
Q

What further exacerbates loss of DA nigrostriatal neurons in PD?

A

Enhancement of sriatal cholinergic neurons
* may cause resting tremor

24
Q

What are FIVE pharmacological treatments for PD?

A
  1. Increase synthesis of DA (L-DOPA)
  2. Stimulate DA receptors with agonists (Bromocriptine)
  3. Inhibit degradation of DA (Selegiline - MAO-B inhibitor)
  4. Increase release of DA (Amantadine)
  5. Reduce the overactivity of cholinergic neurons (Benztropine - Muscarininc antagonist)
25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
L-DOPA has a large First Pass metabolism?

A

True.
High doses must be given to be able to cross the BBB

26
Q

How does Carbidopa affect L-DOPA?

A
  • Inhibits L-DOPA decarboxylation in GI tract, so increases L-DOPA in CNS
  • Decreases L-DOPA dose required
  • Diminishes peripheral side-effects
27
Q

How does Selegiline affect L-DOPA?

A

Inhibits dopamine degradation
(MAO-B inhibitor)

28
Q

How does Entacapone affect L-DOPA?

A

Inhibits COMT, thereby inhibiting L-DOPA degradation in periphery

29
Q

What is the treatment strategy and clinical therapy for Cholinergic Neurons in AD?

A
  • INCREASE cholinergic neurotransmission
  • Acetylcholine Esterase Inhibitors to enhance acetylcholine action
30
Q

What is the treatment strategy and clinical therapy for Glutamatergic Neurons in AD?

A
  • DECREASE glutamate neurotransmission
  • NMDA receptor antagonists to reduce excitotoxic damage to neurons
31
Q

What are THREE Acetylcholine Esterase Inhibitor drugs used to treat AD?

A
  1. Donepezil
  2. Rivastigmine
  3. Galantamine
32
Q

What is a NMDA Receptor Antagonist drug used to treat AD?

A

Memantine

PT3001: Introduction to Pharmacology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions