sun and stars

Question 1

Apparent Magnitude

Answer 1

apparent brightness from earth (diminishes w distance)

Question 2

Absolute Magnitude

Answer 2

the brightness of a star at 10 parsecs

Question 3

Star

Answer 3

a body of hot gasses that radiates energy derived from nuclear fusion in its interior

Question 4

Fusion

Answer 4

when two or more atoms are combined to form a different atom(s)

Question 5

Parallax

Answer 5

the observed displacement of an object caused by the change of the observer’s point of view

Question 6

Nebula

Answer 6

an interstellar cloud of gas and dust

Question 7

Absorption Spectrum

Answer 7

electromagnetic radiation passing through a cool substance, showing dark lines or bands due to absorption of specific wavelengths by different materials the light travels through.

Question 8

Emission Spectrum

Answer 8

specific wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a hot substance.

Question 9

Protostar

Answer 9

a body of hot gasses that is still gathering mass from its surroundings before it gets large enough and hot enough to fuse H into He.

Question 10

White Dwarf

Answer 10

LOW MASS STAR’s dense remaining core that has stopped fusion and ejected its outer envelope of gasses.

Question 11

Brown Dwarf

Answer 11

A failed star. Not massive enough or hot enough to start fusion of H into He.

Question 12

Black Dwarf

Answer 12

old cold white dwarf that has radiated away all of its energy. The universe is not old enough for these to exist yet.

Question 13

Pulsar

Answer 13

A rapidly spinning, magnetized neutron star.

Question 14

suns temp is determined by

Answer 14

COLOR

Question 15

To calculate the magnitude of a star we need to know its

Answer 15

distance

Question 16

nebulas turn into ->

Answer 16

STARS

Question 17

how nebula becomes star

Answer 17

We start with a nebula, which is an interstellar cloud of gas and dust. These nebulae are held up against gravity by its internal pressure, so something needs to disturb the cloud to induce a collapse, such as: Collisions of nebulae, Supernova waves from the blast, Nearby massive star formation. The clump of gas gets large/hot enough to fuse H into He and BOOM a star is born.

Question 18

A low mass star lives relatively

Answer 18

LONG lives

Question 19

A high mass star lives relatively

Answer 19

SHORT lives

Question 20

If the mass of the star were greater than 18 times the mass of the sun what would happen after a supernova?

Answer 20

black hole